Evolution of Different Inclusions during Ladle Treatment and Continuous Casting of Stainless Steel

Bi, Yanyan; Karasev, Andrey; Jönsson, Pär G.

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.53.2099

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Therefore, there are discrepancies/ambiguities about how to deal with the content of elements such as Fe and Cr obtained from EDS (or EPMA) results while using 2D method. Bi et al 81) clarified that an interaction volume of electron beam larger than the inclusions size or it contact with both the inclusion surface and the steel matrix could increase the detected Fe content, as shown in Fig. 3.…”

Section: Consideration Of Feo Value In a Consituent Of An Inclusionmentioning

confidence: 96%

State of the Art in the Control of Inclusions in Spring Steel for Automobile - a Review

Chen

Sun

et al. 2020

ISIJ Int.

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Spring steel wires are extensively utilized in automotive engines valve and suspension applications. Owing to spring often work under high-frequency dynamic loads and periodic alternation stress, nondeformable inclusions often act as fatigue fracture origin of spring steel. The control of inclusions in spring steel for automobile are extensively reviewed. On the one hand, the new perspective on the problems left over the past decades, include the new viewpoint on whether FeO is an inherent constituent of inclusions, the new understanding of the origin of CaO-based inclusions, the new perspective of whether the VD treatment progress should be removed but RH retain, have been discussed. On the other hand, the new approaches, via, calcium treatment, alkali oxide treatment, rare earth treatment, new refractory application, have also been summarized. Finally, the unsolved problems, the source of CaO-based inclusions, the mechanism of alkali metals modified inclusions, the based thermodynamic data for reactions between rare earth yttrium (Y) and non-metallic inclusions, the operability of CaO-containing refractory in industry, that should be explored further are also been discussed.KEY WORDS: spring steel; non-metallic inclusions; steel refining.

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Section: Consideration Of Feo Value In a Consituent Of An Inclusionmentioning

confidence: 96%

State of the Art in the Control of Inclusions in Spring Steel for Automobile - a Review

Chen

Sun

et al. 2020

ISIJ Int.

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“…The evolution mechanism of inclusions in austenitic stainless steel has been widely studied [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Inclusion evolution during refining and continuous casting of 316L stainless steel was described by Yin et al [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxide-Inclusion Evolution in the Steelmaking Process of 304L Stainless Steel for Nuclear Power

Chen

Cheng

Hou

et al. 2019

Metals

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The inclusions formed in 304L stainless steel for nuclear power produced by the electric arc furnace (EAF)-argon oxygen decarburization furnace (AOD)-ladle furnace (LF)-continuous casting (CC) process were investigated by thermodynamics calculations and experimental results. The results showed that the inclusions after AOD and LF refining were almost the same as the slag composition. The types of inclusions (sizes larger than 5 µm) were mainly CaSiO3 with high SiO2 content at the end of AOD, and Ca2SiO4 with high CaO content at the end of LF. The Al2O3 and MgO content of inclusions increased from AOD to LF. There were two types of inclusions in the tundish: CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-MnO inclusions with MgO·Al2O3 spinel precipitation. The content of Al2O3 in the inclusions increased rapidly with the decrease in temperature from the end of LF refining to continuous casting, as calculated using FactSage6.3 software. The rapid increase of Al2O3 in the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-(MnO) inclusions promoted the precipitation of MgO·Al2O3 spinel in continuous casting tundish, suggesting mechanisms for the formation of inclusions in the 304L stainless steel.

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“…26 In the present study, electrolytic extraction (EE) was employed to extract intact inclusions from the steel matrix, allowing 3D investigations of inclusion characteristics (such as composition, size, number and morphology) in steel samples taken after different deoxidiser additions. After separating the particles on the surface of a film filter, the particle size distribution was determined for most of the major non-metallic inclusion types found in the samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of alloy addition on inclusion evolution in stainless steels

Yin

Sun

Yang

et al. 2016

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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The number, morphology, size and composition of inclusions after deoxidation and alloying in Tistabilised stainless steel were investigated. This was carried out by electrolytic extraction of inclusions from steel matrix, followed by microscopic examination. It was found that after the addition of ferrosilicon and manganese, and later aluminium, the composition of inclusions changed from manganese silicate-rich inclusions to alumina-rich inclusions. After tapping and titanium wire feeding, three types of TiN inclusion morphologies were observed, single, twinned and clusters. Both the turbulence and Stokes' collision mechanisms play a considerable role in the formation of TiN clusters.

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Evolution of Different Inclusions during Ladle Treatment and Continuous Casting of Stainless Steel

Cited by 31 publications

References 33 publications

State of the Art in the Control of Inclusions in Spring Steel for Automobile - a Review

State of the Art in the Control of Inclusions in Spring Steel for Automobile - a Review

Oxide-Inclusion Evolution in the Steelmaking Process of 304L Stainless Steel for Nuclear Power

Effect of alloy addition on inclusion evolution in stainless steels

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