Effect of alloy addition on inclusion evolution in stainless steels

Yin, Xiaochun; Sun, Yiming; Yang, Yindong; Deng, Xiaoxuan; Barati, Mansoor; McLean, Alexander

doi:10.1080/03019233.2016.1185285

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A similar phenomenon has been previously reported. [11,25,26,38] More importantly, Al addition resulted in significant transformation of Ti-containing oxides to Al 2 O 3 inclusions, [10,13,37,39] and Ti addition prevented the formation of AlN inclusions for steels with a high-Al content. The chemical reactions for the formation of AlN and TiN inclusions are given in Equation ( 1) and ( 2), and the corresponding equilibrium constants K AlN and K TiN are given in Equation ( 3) and ( 4)…”

Section: Thermodynamic Calculation Of Inclusion Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ti Addition on Non‐Metallic Inclusion Characteristics in TRIP Steel

Zhu

Sun

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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Herein, the effect of Ti addition on the formation and evolution of inclusions in high‐Al transformation‐induced plasticity (TRIP) steel is investigated by performing a series of laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations for different quantities and sequences of Ti addition. Before the addition of Al and Ti, the main inclusions are spherical Mn–Si–Al–O oxide particles. The addition of Al transforms the Mn–Si–Al–O inclusions to Al2O3 inclusion. After the subsequent addition of 0.02 wt% Ti, the main inclusions are Al2O3, AlN, Al2O3–AlN, Al2O3–TiN, and Al2O3–AlN–TiN. However, after the subsequent addition of 0.05 or 0.12 wt% Ti to molten steel, the main inclusions are Al2O3, TiN, and Al2O3–TiN, and almost no AlN is observed. Using different addition sequences of Al and Ti to high‐Al TRIP steel does not result in significant differences in the types of inclusions. Adding Ti to molten steel does not transform Al2O3 to Ti‐oxides, whereas Al addition causes Ti‐oxides to be transformed to Al2O3. Importantly, adding over 0.05 wt% Ti to TRIP steel prevents the formation of AlN inclusion.

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Section: Thermodynamic Calculation Of Inclusion Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ti Addition on Non‐Metallic Inclusion Characteristics in TRIP Steel

Zhu

Sun

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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“…[101,102] Here, the MnO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 system is one of the most important systems for the study of inclusions in these steels, where the MnO and SiO 2 contents in the inclusions can be controlled by the Mn/Si ratio of the steel. [103] Yin et al [104] studied the inclusions in 17Cr-9Ni austenitic stainless steels by using electrolytic extraction. The inclusions after SiMn deoxidation were manganese silicates and inclusions containing both MnO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 and MnS.…”

Section: Simn Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-metallic Inclusions in Different Ferroalloys and Their Effect on the Steel Quality: A Review

Wang

Karasev

Park

et al. 2021

Metall Mater Trans B

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Ferroalloys have become increasingly important due to their indispensable role in steelmaking. In addition, the demand for improved steel qualities has increased considerably, which in turn highlights the quality of ferroalloys. This is due to the fact that the impurities in ferroalloys directly and significantly influence the quality of steel products. To gain a better understanding of the main trace elements and inclusions in ferroalloys (such as FeSi, FeMn, SiMn, FeTi, FeCr, FeMo, FeNb, FeV, FeB, some complex ferroalloys) and their behaviours in steel melt after the additions of these ferroalloys, information from a large number of previous results on this topic was extensively reviewed in this work. The applications of different ferroalloys and their production trends were discussed. In addition, the effects of some trace element impurities from ferroalloys on the inclusion characteristics in steel were also discussed. The possible harmful inclusions in different ferroalloys were identified. Overall, the results showed that the inclusions present in ferroalloys had the following influence on the final steel cleanliness: (1) MnO, MnS and MnO–SiO2–MnS inclusions from FeMn and SiMn alloys have a temporary influence on the steel quality; (2) the effect of large size SiO2 inclusions (up to 200 μm) in FeSi and FeMo alloys on the steel cleanliness is not fully understood. The effect of Al, Ca contents should be considered before the addition of FeSi alloys. In addition, Al2O3 inclusions and relatively high Al content are commonly found in FeTi, FeNb and FeV alloys due to their production process. This information should be paid more attention to when these ferroalloys are added to steel; (3) except for the existing inclusions in these alloys, the Ti-rich, Nb-rich, V-rich carbides and nitrides, which have important effects on the steel properties also should be studied further; and (4) specific alloys containing REM oxides, Cr–C–N, Cr–Mn–O, Al2O3, Al–Ti–O, TiS and Ti(C, N) have not been studied enough to enable a judgement on their influence on the steel cleanliness. Finally, some suggestions were given for further studies for the development of ferroalloy productions.

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“…Furthermore, TiN inclusion has more harmful effects on the material processing than those of oxide inclusions. For example, a TiN inclusion of 6 µm would cause a similar fatigue performance to an oxide inclusion of 25 µm [6]. Titanium carbonitride (TiC x N 1-x , x represents the molar ratio of TiC in TiC x N 1-x ), a continuous solid solution formed via replacing partial moles of N in TiN crystal with C has similar properties to those of TiN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding TiN Precipitation Behavior during Solidification of SWRH 92A Tire Cord Steel by Selected Thermodynamic Models

et al. 2019

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Tire cord steel is widely used in the tire production process of the vehicle manufacturing industry due to its excellent strength and toughness. Titanium nitride (TiN) inclusion, existing in tire rod, has a seriously detrimental effect on the fatigue and drawing performances of the tire steel. In order to control its amount and morphology, the precipitation behavior of TiN during solidification in SWRH 92A tire cord steel was analyzed by selected thermodynamic models. The calculated results showed that TiN cannot precipitate in the liquid phase region regardless of the selected models. However, the precipitation of TiN in the mushy zone would occur at the final stage during the solidification process (at solid fractions greater than 0.98) if the LRSM (Lever-rule model was applied for the N and Scheil model for Ti) or Ohnaka models (without considering the effect of carbon on secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS)) were adopted. For the Ohnaka model, in the case when the effect of carbon on SDAS was considered, TiN would probably precipitate in the solid phase zone rather than precipitate in the liquid phase region or mushy zone.

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Effect of alloy addition on inclusion evolution in stainless steels

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Effect of Ti Addition on Non‐Metallic Inclusion Characteristics in TRIP Steel

Effect of Ti Addition on Non‐Metallic Inclusion Characteristics in TRIP Steel

Non-metallic Inclusions in Different Ferroalloys and Their Effect on the Steel Quality: A Review

Understanding TiN Precipitation Behavior during Solidification of SWRH 92A Tire Cord Steel by Selected Thermodynamic Models

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