Evolution of Agroforestry as a Modern Science

Dagar, J. C.; Tewari, V. P.

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-7650-3_2

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…TAFS usually display greater animal and plant species per unit area and more canopy layers than other agroforestry systems (Pathak and Dagar, 2000). The types of agroforestry systems are defined by their structure (i.e., arrangement of components), function (i.e., acting as windbreaks), socio-economic purpose (i.e., commercial or subsistence), and ecological characteristics (i.e., ecological conditions that influence which agroforestry systems can be practiced) which pertain to the environment of a geographic region (Nair, 1993;Dagar and Tewari, 2017). The main types of TAFS include multipurpose trees on woodlots (community forests providing forest products) and cropland, taungya systems (short-term crops cultivated with cleared and re-planted forest) and homegardens (intermixing and layering of trees with plants and crops at different vertical canopy strata) (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main types of TAFS include multipurpose trees on woodlots (community forests providing forest products) and cropland, taungya systems (short-term crops cultivated with cleared and re-planted forest) and homegardens (intermixing and layering of trees with plants and crops at different vertical canopy strata) (Table 1). Homegardens, are particularly diverse systems, usually exhibiting the richest biodiversity per unit area of all agroforests (Dagar and Tewari, 2017). The biotic features of a TAFS are influenced mainly by their environmental ecological and agroclimatic conditions (Atangana et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biotic features of a TAFS are influenced mainly by their environmental ecological and agroclimatic conditions (Atangana et al, 2014). For example, TAFS found in the humid highland tropics exhibit higher species richness than those in highland semiarid tropics due to differences in temperature and rainfall (Dagar and Tewari, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of climate change on tropical agroforestry systems: A systematic review for identifying future research priorities

Watts

Hutton

Guel

et al. 2022

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Climate change is expected to adversely affect the crop yields and food security for many smallholder farmers in the tropics unless adaptive measures are implemented. Agroforestry ecosystem services, such as micro-climate buffering, have received growing attention from the academic and policy communities for alleviating the negative impacts of climate change on smallholders. These benefits imply that agroforestry could offer a suitable measure for adaptation to climate change. However, whether agroforestry systems themselves succumb to the adverse effects of climate change is often less studied in the agroforestry literature. Consequently, less is known about how climate change will impact agroforests. We conducted a systematic review, which included an evidence quality assessment, to examine the impacts of climate change on tropical agroforestry systems (TAFS). Based primarily on studies undertaking biophysical approaches, we found that climate change negatively impacts TAFS by reducing tree growth, intensifying tree-crop resource competition and reducing crop yields. However, the impacts on smallholder farmers are less clear due to limited evidence in the relevant literature. We found that the evidence supporting our findings is mostly “robust”, although “least robust” strength evidence was also commonly found. We conclude that to improve understanding of how climate change could affect the performance of TAFS as a social ecological system, more interdisciplinary studies are required. Furthermore, to improve the quality of evidence in the research field, studies should explore using mountain elevation gradients for climate analog analysis to perform the most robust study designs. We provide an interdisciplinary conceptual model, which considers the interactions and feedbacks between TAFS components noted from our review to predict the response of ecosystem services provisioning and farmers' wellbeing to climate change, to guide interdisciplinary studies using climate analog analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of climate change on tropical agroforestry systems: A systematic review for identifying future research priorities

Watts

Hutton

Guel

et al. 2022

Front. For. Glob. Change

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“…A few examples are shown in Fig 1 . These systems have been suggested as sustainable methods for agricultural and forest production, that may mitigate the adverse impact of climate change on agriculture [ 4 ]. Specifically, dryland agroforestry has been demonstrated as an advantageous method over conventional agricultural systems in terms of soil stabilization, biodiversity, bioproductivity, and restoration of degraded lands [ 5 – 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of spatial self-organization in the design of agroforestry systems

2020

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The development of sustainable agricultural systems in drylands is currently a crucial issue in the context of mitigating the outcomes of population growth under the conditions of climatic changes. The need to meet the growing demand for food, fodder, and fuel, together with the hazards due to climate change, requires cross-disciplinary studies of ways to increase livelihood while minimizing the impact on the environment. Practices of agroforestry systems, in which herbaceous species are intercropped between rows of woody species plantations, have been shown to mitigate several of the predicaments of climatic changes. Focusing on agroforestry in drylands, we address the question of how we can improve the performance of agroforestry systems in those areas. As vegetation in drylands tends to self-organize in various patterns, it seems essential to explore the various patterns that agroforestry systems tend to form and their impact on the performance of these systems in terms of biomass production, resilience to droughts, and water use efficiency. We use a two-soil-layers vegetation model to study the relationship between deep-rooted woody vegetation and shallow herbaceous vegetation, and explore how self-organization in different spatial patterns influences the performance of agroforestry systems. We focus on three generic classes of patterns, spots, gaps, and stripes, assess these patterns using common metrics for agroforestry systems, and examine their resilience to droughts. We show that in contrast to the widespread practice of planting the woody and herbaceous species in alternating rows, that is, in a stripe pattern, planting the woody species in hexagonal spot patterns may increase the system's resilience to droughts. Furthermore, hexagonal spot patterns reduce the suppression of herbs growth by the woody vegetation, therefore maintaining higher crop yields. We conclude by discussing some limitations of this study and their significance.

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“…Agroforestry (AF) is a land cultivation system to settle any problem due to land-use change and food (Peng et al 2009;Amin et al 2016). An agroforestry system is developed to sustain an ecological balance; a mitigation for the negative impact because of the synergy between the forest stand and the agricultural land (Budiastuti & Purnomo, 2012;Budiastuti, 2013;Dagar & Tewari, 2017). In general, agroforestry comprises mixed garden, moor with trees, plantation, shrubland, house garden, community botanical garden with more variety of plants (Hadi et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Light Intensity and Fertilizer on Soybean in Albizia chinensis Agroforestry System

Affandi

Purnomo

Supriyono

2019

Sains Tanah J. Soil Sci. Agroclimatology

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One of the efforts to solve the decreasing of agriculture land area caused by land use change is through agroforestry system (AF), such as the cultivation among the Albizia chinensis trees. This research, along with the experiment, aims at studying the light characteristic of 1.5 years oldAlbizia c and the effect of fertilization on the growth of soybean and testing the soybean yield of Dega 1 varieties in agroforestry system based on Albizia c. Using the split-plot Randomized Block Design (RBD) as the experiment, the intensity of light was employed as the main plot whereas the fertilizer was used as the subplot in this study. There were four levels of light intensity: land with high light intensity (lands outside AF), rather high light intensity (radiation transmission fraction (RTF) among Albizia c 1425 ha-1 density), medium-high light intensity (RTF among 2850 Albizia c density with pruned canopy), rather low light intensity (RTF among 2850 Albizia c density with unpruned canopy). As the subplot were some various fertilizers such as Albizia c litter, Albizia c litter + phosphorus (P) + potassium (K), and without any fertilization. Totally 12 treatments were obtained and each of those treatments was replicated three times, consequently consisting of 36 experiment units. The result of this research shows that Albizia c was exceedingly potential for the soybean cultivation with AF system. The passing light under the canopy (RTF) depended on the distance between each tree and could be improved by pruning the canopy. The increasing RTF increased vegetative and generative growth. The highest soybean production (3.3 tons ha-1) could be achieved in 2850 trees ha-1 density with pruned canopy (RTF: 49% equals to 28440 lux) compared with biomass production in open land (3.9 tons ha-1).

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Evolution of Agroforestry as a Modern Science

Cited by 24 publications

References 117 publications

Impacts of climate change on tropical agroforestry systems: A systematic review for identifying future research priorities

Impacts of climate change on tropical agroforestry systems: A systematic review for identifying future research priorities

The role of spatial self-organization in the design of agroforestry systems

A Study of Light Intensity and Fertilizer on Soybean in Albizia chinensis Agroforestry System

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