Evolution Mechanism of Inclusions in Al-killed, Ti-bearing 11Cr Stainless Steel with Ca Treatment

Li, Jingyu; Cheng, Guoguang; Ruan, Qiang; Ju-cang, LI; Pan, Jixiang; Chen, Xingrun

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2017-565

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Ti-stabilized stainless steel. Many researchers 28,29,66) investigated the formation of MgO-Al 2 O 3 -TiO x system inclusions in Ti-stabilized stainless steel. Fujimura et al 66) proposed that liquid MgO-Al 2 O 3 -TiO x inclusions were primarily formed after Ti addition, and then spinel crystallized in these inclusions.…”

Section: Effect Of Timentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation, Evolution and Removal of MgO·Al2O3 Spinel Inclusions in Steel

et al. 2021

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MgO•Al 2 O 3 spinel inclusions are generally found in steel, and required be controlled during steelmaking process due to the influences on continuous casting and the quality of final products. The present review aims to give an overall picture on the formation, evolution and removal of spinel inclusions. In this review, the reported formation mechanisms are reclassified, and the effects of Ca, Ti and Mn as well as rare earth on the evolution of spinel inclusions are summarized. Different methods with thermodynamic data sheets are also introduced for the calculation of phase stability diagram. To explain the evolution route of inclusions in industry, the sources and the formation kinetics of dissolved Mg and Ca are discussed. In addition, the agglomeration, separation and dissolution behaviors of spinel inclusions are considered, and the advantages of spinel inclusions are also addressed. Based on literature survey, some suggestions on the control of inclusions are given as well.

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Section: Effect Of Timentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, other dissolved elements e.g. Ti [28][29][30][31] and Mn, 10) are also possible to influence the evolution of spinel inclusions during refining process. Also, rare earth (RE) treatment was recently considered by some researchers [32][33][34] as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation, Evolution and Removal of MgO·Al2O3 Spinel Inclusions in Steel

et al. 2021

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“…The phase diagram and liquid oxide phase (red line area) of the MgO-Al 2 O 3 -TiO x ternary diagram under the oxygen partial pressure of P O2 = 10 -12 atm were calculated by FactSage TM 7.0 software. 21,27,33) It can be found that most of the inclusions in sample A did not contain MgO. After steel sample A reacted with slag S1 for 60 min, the composition of the inclusions in steel has changed significantly.…”

Section: Characterization Of Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of CaO–MgO–SiO2–Al2O3–TiO2 Slags with Different CaF2 Contents on Inclusions in Ti-Stabilized 20Cr Stainless Steel

Cheng

2019

ISIJ Int.

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“…Todoroki et al proposed that magnesium supplied from slag could result in the change of alumina to spinel . To solve the adverse effect of Al 2 O 3 and spinel in Al‐killed steel, calcium treatment is a common method in industries . Park et al proposed that calcium treatment could modify pure alumina to a liquid form in Al‐killed Fe‐16Cr ferrite stainless steel .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation Mechanism of Large Inclusions in 80t 20Cr–8Ni Stainless Steel Casting for Nuclear Power

Wang

Cheng

et al. 2019

steel research int.

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80t 20Cr-8Ni stainless steel castings are used to manufacture pump casing for nuclear power. However, large inclusions are usually observed on an ingot surface, which cause failure in penetrant testing. To clarify the formation mechanism of large inclusions, the evolution, growth, and aggregation of inclusions during the argon oxygen decarburization furnace (AOD) refining-Ca treatment-ingot casting process are investigated. The results show that Al 2 O 3 clusters >50 μm and single Al 2 O 3 particles >10 μm are typical large inclusions on ingot surface. After aluminum addition in AOD, typical inclusions are spinel or dual-phase CaO-MgO-Al 2 O 3 . After Ca treatment, typical inclusions are liquid or dual-phase CaO-MgO-Al 2 O 3 . With temperature decreasing during casting process, the mass fraction of Al 2 O 3 keeps on increasing due to decreasing oxygen and aluminum solubility. It is concluded that Al 2 O 3 is formed during casting process. Single Al 2 O 3 particles grow up to ≥7.5 μm or more. With the size of single Al 2 O 3 particles increasing, Al 2 O 3 clusters are formed mainly through Stokes and turbulent collision. In addition, the aggregation area of single Al 2 O 3 particles and Al 2 O 3 clusters is formed on the surface of ingot.

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Evolution Mechanism of Inclusions in Al-killed, Ti-bearing 11Cr Stainless Steel with Ca Treatment

Cited by 26 publications

References 57 publications

Formation, Evolution and Removal of MgO·Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Spinel Inclusions in Steel

Formation, Evolution and Removal of MgO·Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Spinel Inclusions in Steel

Effect of CaO–MgO–SiO<sub>2</sub>–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub> Slags with Different CaF<sub>2</sub> Contents on Inclusions in Ti-Stabilized 20Cr Stainless Steel

Formation Mechanism of Large Inclusions in 80t 20Cr–8Ni Stainless Steel Casting for Nuclear Power

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