Evolution in morphological, optical, and electronic properties of ZnO:Al thin films undergoing a laser annealing and etching process

Improving the performance of nickel-coated fluorine-doped tin oxide thin films by magnetic-field-assisted laser annealing

“…This implied that the optimal laser fluence for magnetic-field-assisted laser annealing of the Ni/FTO films was 0.9 J/cm 2 . Previous researches indicated that laser annealing of TCO-based films using an appropriate fluence could improve the crystallinity of the films [13,31,32], which provided an explanation for the changes of the SnO 2 (2 0 0) peak. Surprisingly, the SnO 2 (2 0 0) peak intensity of the ML-Ni/FTO (0.9 J/cm 2 ) film was higher than that of the L-Ni/FTO (0.9 J/cm 2 ) film, suggesting that magnetic field had a positive effect on improving film crystallinity during laser annealing [33].…”

Microstructure and Property Modifications of Cold Rolled IF Steel by Local Laser Annealing

“…Also found in Eq. [2], q ¼ ÀkrT denotes the heat flux vector as given by Fourier's law, with k ¼ 88 Wm À1 K À1 being the isotropic thermal conductivity. The quantity Q represents any internal heat source, such as the latent heat associated with phase transformations.…”

“…WITH few exceptions, the present use of laser annealing is related to modification of the structure and properties of thin films. Examples include performance optimization of thin film cathodes in lithium-ion batteries, [1] improvement of the properties of thin films for photovoltaic applications, [2] fabrication of thin film diodes, [3] and control of grain growth in thin films. [4] Studies on laser annealing of larger specimens are scarcer.…”

Transparent and flexible ZnO nanorods induced by thermal dissipation annealing without polymer substrate deformation for next-generation wearable devices

“…Additionally, electron beam and excimer laser annealing processes are unsuitable, as the high energy densities of excimer lasers and electron beams result in polymer substrate deformation. 44,45 To anneal sol-gel derived ZnO thin lms without bending polymer substrates, we previously devised a novel annealing method, termed counterpoise-assisted annealing (CAA), in which an external force is applied by placing a counterpoise on ZnO thin lms. 46 Although the CAA method is compatible with transparent and exible polymer substrates, the substrate scope is limited to muscovite mica and high-melting point (400 C) polyimide.…”