Evodiae fructus Extract Inhibits Interleukin-1β-Induced MMP-1, MMP-3, and Inflammatory Cytokine Expression by Suppressing the Activation of MAPK and STAT-3 in Human Gingival Fibroblasts In Vitro

Abstract

Periodontitis is a Gram-negative bacterial infectious disease. Numerous inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), regulate periodontitis pathophysiology and cause periodontal tissue destruction. In human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), IL-1β stimulates the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and proinflammatory cytokines via various mechanisms. Several transcription factors, such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3), activator protein 1 (AP-1), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), regulate gene expression. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) regulate these transcription factors. However, the MAPK/STAT-3 activation signal in HGFs is unknown. We investigated the potential inhibitory effects of the extract of Evodiae fructus (EFE), the dried, ripe fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa, on MMP and proinflammatory cytokine expression in IL-1β-stimulated HGFs. EFE inhibited the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8) in IL-1β-stimulated HGFs through the inhibition of IL-1β-induced MAPK/STAT-3 activation. Also, these results suggest that the EFE may be a useful for the bioactive material for oral care.

Clinical Effectiveness of Herbal Oral Care Products in Periodontitis Patients: A Systematic Review

“…Also, they exhibit antimicrobial efficacy against dental caries and periodontal pathogens, while lowering the development of drug resistance due to their synergistic combinations [ 71 ]. Herbal extracts may also inhibit osteoclast differentiation [ 72 ] as well as the expression of proinflammatory cytokines [ 73 ] and thus suppress bone resorption in periodontitis. The present study is the first systematic review to investigate the effect of herbal dental products compared to conventional products including CHX or placebo in periodontitis patients.…”

The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of Oldenlandia diffusa on arthritis model rats: a quantitative proteomic and network pharmacologic study

“…It has the ability of degrading multiple types of collagen, fibronectin, all actively involved in joint destruction in RA patients ( 25 ). MMP3 can also activate other MMPs such as MMP-1, MMP-7, and MMP-9 ( 26 ), indicating that MMP3 plays an important role in the inflammatory responses in RA. Among these pathways, some are involved in atherosclerosis ( 27 ).…”

Macrophages immunomodulation induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis and oral antimicrobial peptides

“…M1 macrophages activation induces inflammatory mediators production, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, and the inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme (iNOS) [ 52 ], some of these mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO) and IL-8, amplify the inflammatory response by increasing the local blood flow and the recruitment of leukocytes [ 53 , 54 ]. Furthermore, IL-1β and TNF-α increase the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), like MMP-1, MMP-13, MMP-8, and MMP-9 [ 40 , 55 ], which have as main substrates collagen I, III, and IV proteins, as well as components of the extracellular matrix, such as fibronectin and tenascin [ 56 ]. These data suggest that the inflammatory mediators favor degradation of the extracellular matrix by MMP activation [ 57 ].…”