Evidence of vertical transmission and tissue tropism of Streptococcosis from naturally infected red tilapia ( Oreochromis spp.)

Pradeep, Padmaja Jayaprasad; Suebsing, Rungkarn; Sirthammajak, Sarawut; Kampeera, Jantana; Jitrakorn, Sarocha; Saksmerprome, Vanvimon; Turner, W. A.; Palang, Iyapa; Vanichviriyakit, Rapeepun; Senapin, Saengchan; Jeffs, Andrew G.; Kiatpathomchai, Wansika; Withyachumanarnkul, Boonsirm

doi:10.1016/j.aqrep.2015.12.002

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Produksi ikan nila setiap tahun mengalami peningkatan dan dari tahun 2011-2017 tercatat sebesar 111,61% (DJPB, 2018). Upaya peningkatan produksi melalui intensifikasi budidaya berdampak pada risiko mewabahnya infeksi streptococcosis yang dominan disebabkan Streptococcus agalactiae pada budi daya ikan nila di dunia termasuk Indonesia (Lusiastuti et al, 2014;Pradeep et al, 2016). Infeksi streptococcosis pada ikan nila memiliki gejala klinis khas yaitu peradangan otak (meningoensefalitis), mata menonjol (pop-eye), unilateral atau bilateral eksoptalmia, tulang belakang melengkung membentuk huruf C, berenang tidak menentu (erratic), dan berenang berputar (whirling) (Al Harbi, 2016;Suhermanto et al, 2019).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

POLA INFEKSI Streptococcus agalactiae STRAIN NP105O DAN N14G PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

Suhermanto¹,

Suhermin²,

Ridwan³

et al. 2020

Jurnal Riset Akuakultur

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Infeksi Streptococcosis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri patogen Streptococcus agalactiae dengan karakteristik strain berbeda menjadi permasalahan utama pada budidaya ikan nila. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah pola infeksi bakteri S. agalactiae strain NP105O dan N14G, melalui performa organ target, gejala klinis, serta hematologi ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus. Karakterisasi S. agalactiae berdasarkan pada SNI dan API 20 STREP, uji pertumbuhan bakteri dilakukan dengan metode total plate count (TPC). Pengujian eksistensi bakteri dengan cara menginjeksikan S. agalactiae secara intraperitoneal (IP) dengan konsentrasi 107 CFU.mL-1, dan pengamatan dilakukan dengan pengambilan darah dan dikultur di media BHIA. Hasil uji biokimia dan konfirmasi menggunakan API 20 STREP menunjukkan bahwa isolat terkonfirmasi positif sebagai S. agalactiae, dan NP105O dideteksi sebagai bakteri â-hemolitik. Pertumbuhan bakteri NP105O lebih cepat daripada N14G, namun eksistensi di darah masing-masing selama 72 jam dan 24 jam. Hasil pengamatan performa darah menunjukkan bahwa glukosa dan leukosit mengalami peningkatan signifikan masing-masing 53,5 ± 2,12 mg.dL-1 dan 6,51 ± 0,89 (105 sel.mm-3), sedangkan hematokrit dan eritrosit mengalami penurunan signifikan (P<0.05) masing-masing 21,10 ± 0,07% dan 14 ± 4,5 (105 sel.mm-3) pascainjeksi S. agalactiae. Gejala klinis pascainfeksi berupa melanosis, respons lambat, anorexia, ocular opacity, purulens, unilateral atau bilateral eksoptalmia, gasping, erratic, C-shape, dan whirling. Pola infeksi S. Agalactiae strain NP105O dan N14G berbeda pada ikan nila, dan sangat dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan bakteri pada organ ginjal, otak, dan mata.Streptococcosis infection caused by different strains of pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae has been a major problem in tilapia culture. This research aimed to examine the patterns of S. agalactiae infection of NP105O and N14G strains, through targeted organ performance, clinical symptoms and hematological signs of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The characterization of S. agalactiae was based on SNI and API 20 STREP. Bacterial growth test was carried out using the total plate count (TPC) method. Bacterial infection was performed by injecting S. agalactiae intraperitoneally (IP) with a concentration of 107 CFU.mL-1, and the observations were carried out by extracting and culturing the fish blood in BHIA media. The result of the biochemical test and API 20 STREP confirmed that the isolates was identified as S. agalactiae and NP105O strain was detected as â-hemolytic bacteria. The growth of NP105O strain was faster than N14G strain, where their clear presence in blood was observed at 72 and 24 hours, respectively. The result of hematological parameters showed that glucose and leukocytes increased significantly with values of 53.5 ± 2.12 mg.dL-1 and 6.51 ± 0.89 (105 cell.mm-3), respectively. On the other hand, hematocrit and erythrocytes decreased significantly (P<0.05) 21.10 ± 0.07% and 14 ± 4.5 (105 cell.mm-3) post-S. agalactiae injection. Clinical signs post-infection consisted of melanosis, slow response, anorexia, ocular opacity, purulence, unilateral or bilateral exophthalmos, gasping, erratic movement, C-shape and whirling. NP105O, and N14G strains show different patterns of infections on tilapia and strongly influenced by the presence of bacteria in the kidneys, brain, and eyes.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

POLA INFEKSI Streptococcus agalactiae STRAIN NP105O DAN N14G PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

Suhermanto¹,

Suhermin²,

Ridwan³

et al. 2020

Jurnal Riset Akuakultur

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“…Acute infection can result in death within ten days with high mortality, up to 70% of the production (Chen et al, ), whereas chronic infection has been observed without mortality (Li et al, ). Streptococcosis transmission, in general, occurs horizontally through direct contact with dead fish and/or contaminated water (Amal, Zamri‐Saad, Siti‐Zahrah, & Zulkafli, ), but vertical transmission of S. agalactiae and S. iniae has been reported in red tilapia (Pradeep et al, ). Streptococcosis outbreak appears to be correlated with increased water temperature, although other predisposing factors, including high‐stocking density, poor water quality and handling stress, may also play a role (Kayansamruaj, Pirarat, Hirono, & Rodkhum, ; Mon‐on, Surachetpong, Mongkolsuk, & Sirikanchana, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection response forStreptococcus agalactiaeresistance in Nile tilapiaOreochromis niloticus

Suebsong

Poompuang

Srisapoome

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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The potential of selection to improve resistance to streptococcosis was evaluated in a commercial population of Nile tilapia in Thailand. The base generation (G0) consisted of offspring from 98 sires and 149 dams using a partly nested design. At 60 days post‐hatch, 30 fish from each family were injected intraperitoneally with a Streptococcosis agalactiae solution (1 × 109 CFU/ml) and evaluated for 14 days. Disease resistance was recorded as the number of days from challenge until death (DD) and as a binary (BIN) trait (dead/alive) on day 14. Three models were used for genetic analyses: Cox frailty model for DD; animal model for DD; and animal model for BIN. Age at challenge was fitted as a covariate and contemporary group as fixed or random effect, depending on the model. Fish from the 18 most resistant families were selected to produce the first generation (G1). Heritability estimates for G0 were 0.22, 0.14 ± 0.02 and 0.11 ± 0.02 for the Cox, linear DD and linear BIN models, respectively. Selection response indicated that the risk of death decreased to 54%, survival time increased to 3.4 days and survival rate increased to 21%. These results suggest that genetic improvement is possible for this population.

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“…But, in recent times tilapias have been found to be susceptible to various diseases. Bacterial infections are the most serious problem in tilapia production causing 80% of fish mortalities [2,[6][7]. Aeromonas hydrophila is considered as a persuasive pathogen that causes mortalities in tilapia and other freshwater fish [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathology and Wound Healing in Oxytetracycline Treated Oreochromis niloticus (L.) Against Aeromonas hydrophila Intramuscular Challenge

Rb¹,

Tj²,

Roy³

et al. 2017

J Aquac Res Development

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Evidence of vertical transmission and tissue tropism of Streptococcosis from naturally infected red tilapia ( Oreochromis spp.)

Cited by 44 publications

References 51 publications

POLA INFEKSI Streptococcus agalactiae STRAIN NP105O DAN N14G PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

POLA INFEKSI Streptococcus agalactiae STRAIN NP105O DAN N14G PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

Selection response forStreptococcus agalactiaeresistance in Nile tilapiaOreochromis niloticus

Histopathology and Wound Healing in Oxytetracycline Treated Oreochromis niloticus (L.) Against Aeromonas hydrophila Intramuscular Challenge

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