Evidence of links between regional climate change and precipitation extremes over India

Mishra, Anoop Kumar; Nagaraju, Vanganuru; Rafiq, Mohammd; Chandra, Saket

doi:10.1002/wea.3259

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This technique can help to understand the linkages between the climate change and the environment. As we know that the climate change has affected the precipitation patterns worldwide, there are increases in heavy precipitation and low-to-moderate precipitation is showing a decline, resulting in frequent flooding and droughts (Mishra, Panda, and Rafiq 2016;Mishra et al 2018). The impact of this precipitation change has much more impacts on the cryosphere as changes in the snowfall over these mountains are directly affecting the glacier mass balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On land-use and land-cover changes over Lidder Valley in changing environment

2018

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We have examined the land surface changes in the Lidder Valley of Kashmir in the context of socioeconomy, climate and environmental aspect using geoscience technology. It was found that there are large-scale changes in agriculture, horticulture and built-up in the subject area. Records for horticulture, agriculture and built-up were generated from satellite data. A geodatabase of socioeconomic data is examined and corelated with the land system changes. Furthermore, environmental driving factors like precipitation, temperature, snowfall and black carbon (BC) data were used to relate with the changes in LU/LC over the study area. This study reports decrease in agricultural area from 189.73 km2 in 1979 to 77.18 km2 in 2011 while the horticulture is increasing by 3 km2 annually from last three decades. With the increase of about 95% in horticulture, the concentration of BC has also increased. BC is showing a significant decadal increase of 10.5 mg/m2 which is mainly attributed to the biomass burning from horticulture waste. Rainfall, as well as snowfall over the study area, is decreasing by an amount of 2.95 and 15 mm per decade, respectively, and also their pattern is changing. These variations over the study area result in water scarcity forcing people to implement horticulture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On land-use and land-cover changes over Lidder Valley in changing environment

2018

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“…The UofT-CCSM4 simulations were produced in its coupled configuration with a horizontal resolution of 1 • . For the analyses reported herein, WRF-CROCO was driven by three distinct GCM simulations, including one for the PI climate and two for the MH climate, the latter being forced by the PMIP4-mandated concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and orbital parameters (Otto-Bliesner et al, 2017). One of the MH experiments employs a preindustrial land surface and a vegetation prescribed to PI values, and it therefore differs from the PI only with regards to the orbital configuration and trace gas concentrations; the other MH experiment also incorporates GS boundary conditions by including vegetation, soil, and lake modifications over Africa and Arabia.…”

Section: Model Descriptions and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid-Holocene monsoons in South and Southeast Asia: dynamically downscaled simulations and the influence of the Green Sahara

2021

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Abstract. Proxy records suggest that the Northern Hemisphere during the mid-Holocene (MH), to be assumed herein to correspond to 6000 years ago, was generally warmer than today during summer and colder in the winter due to the enhanced seasonal contrast in the amount of solar radiation reaching the top of the atmosphere. The complex orography of both South and Southeast Asia (SA and SEA), which includes the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau (TP) in the north and the Western Ghats mountains along the west coast of India in the south, renders the regional climate complex and the simulation of the intensity and spatial variability of the MH summer monsoon technically challenging. In order to more accurately capture important regional features of the monsoon system in these regions, we have completed a series of regional climate simulations using a coupled modeling system to dynamically downscale MH global simulations. This regional coupled modeling system consists of the University of Toronto version of the Community Climate System Model version 4 (UofT-CCSM4), the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional climate model, and the 3D Coastal and Regional Ocean Community model (CROCO). In the global model, we have taken care to incorporate Green Sahara (GS) boundary conditions in order to compare with standard MH simulations and to capture interactions between the GS and the monsoon circulations in India and SEA. Comparison of simulated and reconstructed climates suggest that the dynamically downscaled simulations produce significantly more realistic anomalies in the Asian monsoon than the global climate model, although they both continue to underestimate the inferred changes in precipitation based upon reconstructions using climate proxy information. Monsoon precipitation over SA and SEA is also greatly influenced by the inclusion of a GS, with a large increase particularly being predicted over northern SA and SEA, and a lengthening of the monsoon season. Data–model comparisons with downscaled simulations outperform those with the coarser global model, highlighting the crucial role of downscaling in paleo data–model comparison.

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“…Krishnan et al (2016) showed that, the enhancement of such deep localized convection, leading to heavy rainfall events, are more likely to happen in an atmosphere with weak vertical shear (Romatschke and Houze 2011). Increased variability of low-level monsoon westerlies (Mishra et al 2018;Roxy et al 2017) and warming of north Arabian sea lead to increased moisture supply and thus enhance such events (Roxy et al 2017). By examining the changes in the distribution of moderate and heavy monsoon precipitation in Historical and GHG, only simulations Krishnan et al (2016) have shown that along with increase of atmospheric moisture the decrease of easterly vertical shear of the SAM circulation is also pivotal for favouring localized heavy rainfall over the Indian region (Fig.…”

Section: Observed Changes and Their Attributionmentioning

confidence: 99%