The nanostructured rare earth metal oxide (samarium oxide, n-Sm 2 O 3 ) nanorods, prepared using a forced hydrolysis technique, have been electrophoretically deposited (EPD) onto an indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass substrate. This novel platform has been utilized for co-immobilization of monoclonal antibodies of aflatoxin B 1 (Ab-AFB 1 ) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) via electrostatic interactions for food toxin (AFB 1 ) detection. Thus prepared n-Sm 2 O 3 nanorods have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques. The results of electrochemical response studies of the BSA/Ab-AFB 1 /n-Sm 2 O 3 /ITO immunoelectrode obtained as a function of aflatoxin concentration reveal a linearity of 10-700 pg mL À1 , a detection limit of 57.82 pg mL À1 cm À2 , a response time of 5 s and a sensitivity of 48.39 mA pg À1 mL À1 cm À2 with a regression coefficient of 0.961. The association constant (K a ) for antigen-antibody interactions obtained is 47.9 pg mL À1 , which indicates high affinity of antibodies towards the antigen (AFB 1 ). The application of n-Sm 2 O 3 modified electrode for immunosensor analysis offers a novel platform and efficient strategy for the application of rare earth metal oxide materials in bioelectronics.