Evidence for direct neural control of ovarian steroidogenesis in rats

Weiss, Gerald K.; Dail, William G.; Ratner, Albert

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0650507

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Several authors have provided evidence of a functional neural connection among different hypothalamic centres and the ovary, which contributes to its endocrine regulation (Kawakami et al 1972, 1979, Weiss et al 1982, Seto et al 1988, Saito et al 1990, Gerendai et al 1995. However, at present there is not much information on the peripheral neural control during the different ovarian physiological states of the oestrous cycle, and consequently little is known about such control during two very important stages, D1 and D2, when the corpora lutea have great importance for the secretion of progesterone (Weiss et al 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, at present there is not much information on the peripheral neural control during the different ovarian physiological states of the oestrous cycle, and consequently little is known about such control during two very important stages, D1 and D2, when the corpora lutea have great importance for the secretion of progesterone (Weiss et al 1982). In vitro experiments involving incubating the ovary in the presence of adrenergic agonists show that, in the rat, the agonist induces the release of progesterone during the first oestrous cycle, including D2 after puberty (Aguado et al 1982, Aguado & Ojeda 1984a.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is to say that during this stage the corpora lutea are in full activity, which would be the reason why the adrenergic effect on the secretion of progesterone is greater. In addition, in in vivo studies, a peak in the release of progesterone has been observed during D1 that is probably neural in origin (Kawakami et al 1972, Weiss et al 1982, Gerendai et al 1995. During D2, a very noticeable inversion occurs that is concordant with results that were obtained by CNS stimulation (Kawakami et al 1981, De Bortoli et al 1998.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Adrenergic influences on coeliac ganglion affect the release of progesterone from cycling ovaries: characterisation of an in vitro system

Sosa¹,

Casais²,

Rastrilla³

et al. 2000

Journal of Endocrinology

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The superior ovarian nerve (SON) arrives at the ovary through the suspensory ligament and innervates mainly the ovarian stroma. Most neurones from which the SON fibres originate are located in the complex coeliac and mesenteric ganglia. Taking into account that other ganglia have been shown to have -and -adrenergic receptors, and that the coeliac ganglion receives adrenergic fibres from other sympathetic paravertebral and preaortic ganglia, we utilised adrenergic agonists and antagonists specific to the ganglion, to analyse the role of the and receptors in ovarian physiology. To that end, it was necessary to develop and standardise an in vitro coeliac ganglion-SON-ovary (coeliac ganglion-SON-O) experimental system that would enable study of the release of steroids in the ovary in the absence of humoral factors. We investigated the effect of adrenergic agents on the liberation of progesterone in the different stages of the oestrous cycle.To this end we placed the coeliac ganglion and the ovary in different compartments, connected through the SON, to produce a system being studied as a whole. Combined neural and hormonal (luteinising hormone (LH)) effects were also examined.Non-specific stimulation with KCl in the ganglion compartment evoked different responses in terms of release of progesterone, depending on the physiological conditions of the cycle; this demonstrated the sensitivity and viability of the system. During pro-oestrus, stimulation of the ganglion compartment with adrenergic agents such as the agonist noradrenaline or the -adrenergic antagonist propranolol, did not modify the release of progesterone. In contrast, the -adrenergic antagonist, phentolamine, induced a strong inhibitory response. During the oestrous stage, noradrenaline was inactive, but phentolamine and propranolol exerted a strong stimulus throughout the experiment. On dioestrus day 1 (D1), both noradrenaline and propranolol increased the release of ovarian progesterone, whereas phentolamine had the opposite effect. Finally, on dioestrus day 2 (D2), what was noteworthy was the pronounced inhibitory effect of noradrenaline, whereas phentolamine was inactive and propranolol showed its greatest stimulatory effect.In order to compare the combined neural and endocrine effects on the ovarian release of progesterone, the experiment was carried out during stages D1 and D2, when the corpora lutea are at their peak of activity. Adrenergic agents were added to the ganglion and LH in a final concentration of 50 ng/ml was added to the ovarian comparment. Different effects were observed indicating a differential response to these agents in stimulated and basal conditions.We conclude that the in vitro coeliac ganglion-SONovary system is a functional entity because it possesses its own autonomic tone. This is verified because different basal values of progesterone appear in the different stages of the oestrous cycle. In similar fashion, variations of progesterone induced via the neural pathway were observed under different experimental conditio...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adrenergic influences on coeliac ganglion affect the release of progesterone from cycling ovaries: characterisation of an in vitro system

Sosa¹,

Casais²,

Rastrilla³

et al. 2000

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…These results confirm the neural nature of the effect shown on progesterone release; the idea of the participation of the SON also receives strong additional support. Experiments carried out by direct manipulation of the SON have suggested that the nerve maintains or even enhances progesterone output from the ovary (Weiss et al 1982, Aguado & Ojeda 1984c. However, as we have seen, adrenergic i.c.v.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, electrical stimulation or the acute transection of the SON performed in live anaesthetized animals enhances or inhibits respectively the progesterone release from the ovary (Weiss et al 1982, Aguado & Ojeda 1984a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenergic intracerebroventricular stimulation affects progesterone concentration in the ovarian vein of the rat: participation of the superior ovarian nerve

Bortoli

Mh²,

Aguado³

1998

Journal of Endocrinology

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The present study investigates the acute consequences of central adrenergic stimulation on the release of steroids from the ovary. The influence of the superior ovarian nerve (SON) and the relationship between the neural effect and peripheral LH levels were also examined.The intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of 5 µg epinephrine in SON-intact rats on day 1 of dioestrus (D1) increased progesterone levels in ovarian vein blood from 7 to 21 min after injection but the same injection in SON-intact rats on day 2 of dioestrus (D2) decreased progesterone levels in ovarian vein blood from 1 to 25 min. A smaller dose (0·5 µg) of epinephrine injected i.c.v. in SON-intact rats produced a decrease in progesterone levels in ovarian vein blood of shorter duration. In SON-transected (SONt) animals, 0·5 µg epinephrine i.c.v. caused a smaller decrease in progesterone levels compared with SON-intact rats (P<0·05). On the other hand, in SON-intact rats on D2, the i.c.v. injection of 0·5 µg epinephrine did not modify the peripheral LH levels during 25 min, but 5 µg epinephrine injected i.c.v. raised the peripheral LH level from the third minute after injection (P<0·05). Oestradiol levels in the ovarian vein blood did not change after epinephrine i.c.v. injection in rats on D2.To avoid any humoral influence, SONt and SONintact rats on D2 were injected i.c.v. with 5 µg epinephrine or with vehicle, and 5 min later the ovaries were incubated in vitro with or without LH. Under these conditions, it was demonstrated that the previous injection of epinephrine in SON-intact rats resulted in a diminished release of progesterone from ovaries incubated with or without LH.These results suggest that a central adrenergic stimulus increases progesterone release from the ovary on D1 and decreases it on D2. Also, this neural input would arrive at the ovary through the SON, and would condition the ovarian response to LH on D2. Ovarian progesterone changes could be attributed to signals coming from ganglionar neurons, which are affected by the central adrenergic stimulation.

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Neuropeptides in sensory perikarya projecting to the rat ovary

McNeill

Burden

1987

Am. J. Anat.

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Afferent perikarya in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) at the T13 and L1 segmental levels projecting to the rat ovary were identified by utilizing the fluorescent retrograde tracer true blue (TB). Subsequently, TB-labeled ovarian afferent perikarya in DRG were examined for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), substance P (SP), cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and somatostatin (SOM) immunoreactivity and for the presence of fluoride-resistant acid phosphatase (FRAP) enzyme activity. Of the ovarian afferent perikarya at the T13 and L1 segmental levels, 20.5% displayed VIP immunoreactivity, 23.8% displayed SP immunoreactivity, and 43.1% were immunoreactive for CCK-8. No ovarian afferent perikarya contained SOM or NYP immunoreactivity or FRAP activity. It is suggested that different neuropeptides may participate in modulation of specific ovarian functions.

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Evidence for direct neural control of ovarian steroidogenesis in rats

Cited by 48 publications

References 23 publications

Adrenergic influences on coeliac ganglion affect the release of progesterone from cycling ovaries: characterisation of an in vitro system

Adrenergic influences on coeliac ganglion affect the release of progesterone from cycling ovaries: characterisation of an in vitro system

Adrenergic intracerebroventricular stimulation affects progesterone concentration in the ovarian vein of the rat: participation of the superior ovarian nerve

Neuropeptides in sensory perikarya projecting to the rat ovary

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