Evidence for adaptive changes in egg laying in crickets exposed to bacteria and parasites

Adamo, Shelley A.

doi:10.1006/anbe.1998.0999

Cited by 180 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Both male and female hosts can compensate for an increased risk of mortality imposed by an infection by increasing their investment in earlier reproduction. For example, among female hosts, Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) infected by a transmissible cancer mature and breed earlier [12], and crickets (Acheta domesticus) infected by a bacterium, and water fleas (Daphnia magna) infected by a microsporidian lay more eggs [13,14]. Among male hosts, frogs (Lithobates pipiens) infected by a fungus increase sperm production [15], flies (Drosophila nigrospiracula) infected by a parasitic mite, and amphipods (Corophium volutator) infected by trematodes increase reproductive effort [16,17], and beetles (Tenebrio molitor) infected by tapeworms provide higher quality nuptial gifts to their mates, thus increasing egg production [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frogs infected by B. dendrobatidis often have lower body condition than uninfected frogs [28][29][30]; when this occurs, they might reduce calling effort. On the other hand, infected hosts with relatively good body condition may have the plasticity to respond to the infection by investing more in present reproductive effort than uninfected individuals when their expectation of survival to the next reproductive bout is lower [13][14][15][16][17][18]. Such a response could at least partially counteract the effects of natural selection on disease resistance, because it may reduce differences in reproductive success between more and less vulnerable males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Condition-dependent reproductive effort in frogs infected by a widespread pathogen

et al. 2015

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To minimize the negative effects of an infection on fitness, hosts can respond adaptively by altering their reproductive effort or by adjusting their timing of reproduction. We studied effects of the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on the probability of calling in a stream-breeding rainforest frog (Litoria rheocola). In uninfected frogs, calling probability was relatively constant across seasons and body conditions, but in infected frogs, calling probability differed among seasons (lowest in winter, highest in summer) and was strongly and positively related to body condition. Infected frogs in poor condition were up to 40% less likely to call than uninfected frogs, whereas infected frogs in good condition were up to 30% more likely to call than uninfected frogs. Our results suggest that frogs employed a pre-existing, plastic, life-history strategy in response to infection, which may have complex evolutionary implications. If infected males in good condition reproduce at rates equal to or greater than those of uninfected males, selection on factors affecting disease susceptibility may be minimal. However, because reproductive effort in infected males is positively related to body condition, there may be selection on mechanisms that limit the negative effects of infections on hosts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condition-dependent reproductive effort in frogs infected by a widespread pathogen

et al. 2015

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“…This may reflect an increased investment in the current litter, to the potential detriment of future reproduction. Iteroparous species, such as mice, usually do not put all their investment into one reproductive bout, because it may reduce future reproductive success and therefore overall lifetime fecundity [70,71]. However, if longevity is reduced by a parasite, such a shift in investment priorities may occur [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection before pregnancy affects immunity and response to social challenge in the next generation

Curno

Reader

McElligott

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Natural selection should favour parents that are able to adjust their offspring's life-history strategy and resource allocation in response to changing environmental and social conditions. Pathogens impose particularly strong and variable selective pressure on host life histories, and parental genes will benefit if offspring are appropriately primed to meet the immunological challenges ahead. Here, we investigated transgenerational immune priming by examining reproductive resource allocation by female mice in response to direct infection with Babesia microti prior to pregnancy. Female mice previously infected with B. microti gained more weight over pregnancy, and spent more time nursing their offspring. These offspring generated an accelerated response to B. microti as adults, clearing the infection sooner and losing less weight as a result of infection. They also showed an altered hormonal response to novel social environments, decreasing instead of increasing testosterone production upon social housing. These results suggest that a dominance-resistance trade-off can be mediated by cues from the previous generation. We suggest that strategic maternal investment in response to an infection leads to increased disease resistance in the following generation. Offspring from previously infected mothers downregulate investment in acquisition of social dominance, which in natural systems would reduce access to mating opportunities. In doing so, however, they avoid the reduced disease resistance associated with increased testosterone and dominance. The benefits of accelerated clearance of infection and reduced weight loss during infection may outweigh costs associated with reduced social dominance in an environment where the risk of disease is high.

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“…Any response in females that occurs specifically in response to CW, rather than normal wounding, would remain undetected. In contrast, infection is known to induce resource allocation (Gustafsson et al 1994;Adamo 1999;Reaney and Knell 2010). Siva-Jothy (2009) argued that fe-males are able to predict the time of mating and, therefore, the physiological and infection costs of CW.…”

Section: Life-history Consequences Of Cwmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such microbes can enter copulatory wounds (see references in Reinhardt et al 2005;Otti et al 2009;Siva-Jothy 2009), and elicit immune responses (Otti et al 2009(Otti et al , 2013Siva-Jothy 2009). Microbes can also increase an infected host's investment into current reproduction (Gustafsson et al 1994;Adamo 1999;Reaney and Knell 2010), and sexually transmitted microbes particularly benefit from, and select for, increased mating activity of the host (albeit inducing sterility) (Lockhart et al 1996). Under the condition that sterility does not occur immediately, copulatory infection, or the associated immune response, may induce the wound recipient to invest more into current reproductive output.…”

Section: Selection For the Transfer Of Stds In The Wound Inflictormentioning

confidence: 99%

Copulatory Wounding and Traumatic Insemination

Reinhardt

Anthes

Lange

2015

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

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Copulatory wounding (CW) is widespread in the animal kingdom, but likely underreported because of its cryptic nature. We use four case studies (Drosophila flies, Siphopteron slugs, Cimex bugs, and Callosobruchus beetles) to show that CW entails physiological and lifehistory costs, but can evolve into a routine mating strategy that, in some species, involves insemination through the wound. Although interspecific variation in CW is documented, few data exist on intraspecific and none on individual differences. Although defensive mechanisms evolve in the wound recipient, our review also indicates that mating costs in species with CW are slightly higher than in other species. Whether such costs are dose-or frequencydependent, and whether defense occurs as resistance or tolerance, decisively affects the evolutionary outcome. In addition to sexual conflict, CW may also become a model system for reproductive isolation. In this context, we put forward a number of predictions, including (1) occasional CW is more costly than routine CW, (2) CW is more costly in between-than within-population matings, and (3) in the presence of CW, selection may favor the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases if they induce resource allocation. Finally, we outline, and briefly discuss, several medical implications of CW in humans.

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Evidence for adaptive changes in egg laying in crickets exposed to bacteria and parasites

Cited by 180 publications

References 36 publications

Condition-dependent reproductive effort in frogs infected by a widespread pathogen

Condition-dependent reproductive effort in frogs infected by a widespread pathogen

Infection before pregnancy affects immunity and response to social challenge in the next generation

Copulatory Wounding and Traumatic Insemination

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