Evidence for a secular trend in menopausal age: a population study of women in Gothenburg

Rödström, Kerstin; Bengtsson, Calle; Milsom, Ian; Lissner, Lauren; Sundh, Valter; Bjoürkelund, Cecilia

doi:10.1097/01.gme.0000094395.59028.0f

Cited by 95 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…22 Other predisposing factors affecting menopausal age are late menarcheal age, BMI, parity, and heritability of menopausal age. 22,23 Neither smoking habits, a strong predictor for aneurysm development and growth, 24 nor menarcheal age, parity, and BMI differed significantly between the women with AAA Ͻ5 cm vs AAA Ն5 cm. These factors can consequently be excluded as alternative explanations for the lower menopausal age in women with AAA Ն5 cm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive history in women with abdominal aortic aneurysms

Villard

Swedenborg

Eriksson

et al. 2011

Journal of Vascular Surgery

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive history in women with abdominal aortic aneurysms

Villard

Swedenborg

Eriksson

et al. 2011

Journal of Vascular Surgery

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“…Neither genetic 30,34 nor environmental factors, therefore, would have been of great influence, although secular trends in the occurrence of menopause have been described. 33,35 From published literature, 4,14,36 it can be concluded that smoking behavior in the two cohorts is very much comparable (approximately 45% of both groups never smoked). Therefore, obvious bias regarding both the representa-BROEKMANS ET AL Menopause, Vol.…”

Section: Afc and Reproductive Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antral follicle counts are related to age at natural fertility loss and age at menopause

et al. 2004

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Objective: The variability in ultrasound-based antral follicle counts sized 2-10 mm after allowing for age-related decline is considerable. This may represent differences in actual reproductive age among women. This hypothesis was tested by cohort comparison for distribution of age at occurrence of reproductive events.Design: A model with a nonlinear mean decline with age was fitted to antral follicle counts (AFC) obtained in 163 regularly cycling fertile volunteers. Ages at last child birth and menopause were predicted from the individual AFC by using thresholds to represent these events and the model for decline with age. Distributions of the observed ages at last childbirth (proxy variable for loss of natural fertility) and ages at menopause were obtained from the BALSAC demographic database and the Prospect-EPIC study, respectively. The observed distributions were compared with the predicted distributions by using visual comparison and quantile-quantile plots. Predictions of age at last child and age at menopause were done using percentiles of the modeled AFC distribution for given age, and corresponding percentiles of the predicted distributions of age at these reproductive events, with predictions following from the position of a woman's AFC relative to these percentiles.Results: The predicted distributions of age at last child and age at menopause showed good agreement with the observed distributions in the BALSAC and EPIC cohort. Compared with age alone, antral follicle counts gave some additional information for individual prediction of age at last child and menopause.Conclusions: The link between declining antral follicle counts and reproductively significant events like loss of natural fertility and menopause is strengthened by the high degree of similarity among the predicted and observed age distributions. Predictive usefulness of this relationship in a clinical setting may be more marginal, except in the case of women who have low AFCs for their age.

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“…We used median values of age at first birth for each stratum and also parity as a continuous variable for trend analyses. Women were categorised as pre-or postmenopausal by using age 50 as the cut-off point, based on the approximate median value in several studies (Luoto et al, 1994;Gold et al, 2001;Rodstrom et al, 2003).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parity and risk of stomach cancer by sub-site: a national Swedish study

et al. 2008

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We investigated stomach cancer risk by anatomic sub-site in relation to parity, as a marker for higher exposure to sex hormones, in a case -control study, nested within a cohort of 2 406 439 Swedish women born in 1925 or later and followed from 1970 or age 30 until emigration, death, any cancer diagnosis, or through 2004, whichever occurred first. We identified 286 cardia and 2498 noncardia stomach cancer cases with five matched controls for each case. Cross-linkage with the Multi-Generation Register provided information about reproductive history. Using conditional logistic regression models for estimating odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for education level and occupation, we found no association between any aspect of parity and non-cardia stomach cancer (OR ¼ 1.01, 95% CI 0.89 -1.15, comparing parous with nulliparous women). However, a 30% risk reduction for postmenopausal cardia cancer (OR ¼ 0.7, 95% CI 0.4 -1.0) was noted among parous relative to nulliparous women and the risk for premenopausal cardia cancer fell with increasing number of children (P for trend ¼ 0.04). Our results indicate that exposure to female sex hormones does not protect against non-cardia stomach cancer and does not explain male predominance. The observed moderate inverse relationship between parity and cardia cancer may be mediated by nonhormonal factors and warrants further study.

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Evidence for a secular trend in menopausal age: a population study of women in Gothenburg

Cited by 95 publications

References 21 publications

Reproductive history in women with abdominal aortic aneurysms

Reproductive history in women with abdominal aortic aneurysms

Antral follicle counts are related to age at natural fertility loss and age at menopause

Parity and risk of stomach cancer by sub-site: a national Swedish study

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