Evidence for a genetic sex determination in Cnidaria, the Mediterranean red coral (<i>Corallium rubrum</i>)

Pratlong, Marine; Haguenauer, Anne; Chenesseau, Sandrine; Brener, Kelly; Mitta, Guillaume; Toulza, Ève; Bonabaud, Maurine; Rialle, Stéphanie; Aurelle, Didier; Pontarotti, Pierre

doi:10.1098/rsos.160880

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…To describe population genetic structure in H. oligactis we employed restriction‐site associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐Seq, Andrews et al, 2016; Baird et al, 2008; Davey & Blaxter, 2010). The use of RAD‐Seq in population genomics is becoming increasingly popular and it has been successfully applied in cnidarians to infer phylogeographical patterns in sea anemones (Reitzel et al, 2013), chimerism among colonial hydrozoans (Chang et al, 2018), and other phenomena, such as identification of introgressive hybridization (Combosch & Vollmer, 2015) and sex determination (Pratlong et al, 2017) in corals. Specifically, we aimed to obtain detailed genetic data on population structure of this model system and thus to obtain more insight on the evolution of distinct reproductive strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic plasticity rather than genotype drives reproductive choices in Hydra populations

et al. 2021

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Facultative clonality is associated with complex life cycles where sexual and asexual forms can be exposed to contrasting selection pressures. Facultatively clonal animals often have distinct developmental capabilities that depend on reproductive mode (e.g., negligible senescence and exceptional regeneration ability in asexual individuals, which are lacking in sexual individuals). Understanding how these differences in life history strategies evolved is hampered by limited knowledge of the population structure underlying sexual and asexual forms in nature. Here we studied genetic differentiation of coexisting sexual and asexual Hydra oligactis polyps, a freshwater cnidarian where reproductive mode‐dependent life history patterns are observed. We collected asexual and sexual polyps from 13 Central European water bodies and used restriction‐site associated DNA sequencing to infer population structure. We detected high relatedness among populations and signs that hydras might spread with resting eggs through zoochory. We found no genetic structure with respect to mode of reproduction (asexual vs. sexual). On the other hand, clear evidence was found for phenotypic plasticity in mode of reproduction, as polyps inferred to be clones differed in reproductive mode. Moreover, we detected two cases of apparent sex change (males and females found within the same clonal lineages) in this species with supposedly stable sexes. Our study describes population genetic structure in Hydra for the first time, highlights the role of phenotypic plasticity in generating patterns of life history variation, and contributes to understanding the evolution of reproductive mode‐dependent life history variation in coexisting asexual and sexual forms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic plasticity rather than genotype drives reproductive choices in Hydra populations

et al. 2021

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“…RAD-Seq has been successfully used to identify sex-specific sequences in non-model species from diverse taxa, including fish (Drinan, Loher, & Hauser, 2018) , amphibians (Bewick et al, 2013) , non-avian reptilia (Gamble, 2016;Gamble et al, 2017Gamble et al, , 2015Gamble et al, , 2018Gamble & Zarkower, 2014;S. V. Nielsen, Banks, Diaz, Trainor, & Gamble, 2018;Stuart V. Nielsen, Daza, Pinto, & Gamble, 2019) , invertebrates (Carmichael et al, 2013;Mathers et al, 2015;Pratlong et al, 2017) , and plants (Kafkas, Khodaeiaminjan, Güney, & Kafkas, 2015) , and to identify the sex chromosomes and the sex locus in some of these species (Wilson et al, 2014) . Although dedicated pipelines have been developed to analyze RAD-Seq data specifically for sex determination (Gamble & Zarkower, 2014) , most of the above mentioned studies have used STACKS (J.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RADSex: a computational workflow to study sex determination using Restriction Site-Associated DNA Sequencing data

Féron

Pan

Wen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The study of sex determination and sex chromosome organisation in non-model species has long been technically challenging, but new sequencing methodologies are now enabling precise and high-throughput identification of sex-specific genomic sequences. In particular, Restriction Site-Associated DNA Sequencing (RAD-Seq) is being extensively applied to explore sex determination systems in many plant and animal species. However, software designed to specifically search for sex-biased markers using RAD-Seq data is lacking. Here, we present RADSex, a computational analysis workflow designed to study the genetic basis of sex determination using RAD-Seq data. RADSex is simple to use, requires few computational resources, makes no prior assumptions about type of sex-determination system or structure of the sex locus, and offers convenient visualization through a dedicated R package. To demonstrate the functionality of RADSex, we re-analyzed a published dataset of Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes , where we uncovered a previously unknown Y chromosome polymorphism. We then used RADSex to analyze new RAD-Seq datasets from 15 fish species spanning multiple systematic orders. We identified the sex determination system and sex-specific markers in six of these species, five of which had no known sex-markers prior to this study. We show that RADSex greatly facilitates the study of sex determination systems in non-model species and outperforms the commonly used RAD-Seq analysis software STACKS.RADSex in speed, resource usage, ease of application, and visualization options. Furthermore, our analysis of new datasets from 15 species provides new insights on sex determination in fish.

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“…4b). The two genes are arranged in a tail-to-tail fashion, which is typical among invertebrates 16 .…”

Section: Probe Hybridization and Sequence Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-sequence probes reveal chromosomal locations of tandemly repetitive genes in scleractinian coral Acropora pruinosa: a potential tool for karyotyping

Vacarizas¹,

Taguchi²,

Mezaki³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The short and similar sized chromosomes of Acropora pose a challenge for karyotyping. Conventional methods, such as staining of heterochromatic regions, provide unclear banding patterns that hamper identification of such chromosomes. In this study, we used short single-sequence probes for tandemly repetitive 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and core histone genes to identify specific chromosomes of Acropora pruinosa. Both the probes produced intense signals in fluorescence in situ hybridization, which distinguished chromosome pairs. The locus of the core histone gene was on chromosome 8, whereas that of 5S rRNA gene was on chromosome 5. The sequence of the 5S rRNA probe was composed largely of U1 and U2 spliceosomal small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes and their interspacers, flanked by short sequences of the 5S rRNA gene. This is the first report of a tandemly repetitive linkage of snRNA and 5S rRNA genes in Cnidaria. Based on the constructed tentative karyogram and whole genome hybridization, the longest chromosome pair (chromosome 1) was heteromorphic. The probes also hybridized effectively with chromosomes of other Acropora species and population, revealing an additional core histone gene locus. We demonstrated the applicability of short-sequence probes as chromosomal markers with potential for use across populations and species of Acropora.

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Evidence for a genetic sex determination in Cnidaria, the Mediterranean red coral (Corallium rubrum)

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Phenotypic plasticity rather than genotype drives reproductive choices in Hydra populations

Phenotypic plasticity rather than genotype drives reproductive choices in Hydra populations

RADSex: a computational workflow to study sex determination using Restriction Site-Associated DNA Sequencing data

Single-sequence probes reveal chromosomal locations of tandemly repetitive genes in scleractinian coral Acropora pruinosa: a potential tool for karyotyping

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