Ever married women’s participation in labor market in Egypt: constraints and opportunities

Nazier, Hanan; Ramadan, Racha

doi:10.1080/17938120.2018.1443605

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…We attribute this result to the low involvement of women in the Egyptian work force. The Egyptian Centre for Economic and Social Rights (ECESR) (2013) claimed that “the Egyptian women labor force participation rate is very low, hovering between 20% to 25%, compared to a global average of 52% during the 2000s” (Elkhwesky, Salem, & Barakat, ; Salem, El‐Said, & Nabil, ; Nazier & Ramadan, , p. 2). This trend was also reflected in a survey by the European Training Foundation () that reported only a 10% participation of women in the Egyptian economy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The moderating role of leisure participation in work–leisure conflict for the reduction of burnout in hotels and travel agencies

Elbaz

Salem²,

Elsetouhi

et al. 2020

Journal of Tourism Research

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This study investigates the influence of work-leisure conflict (WLC) on the performance of employees in Egyptian hotels and travel agencies through the mediating role of employee burnout related to emotional exhaustion, cynicism and professional efficacy. In addition, this study examines how leisure participation moderates the effects of WLC on both employee burnout and performance. Data used for this study were collected from 788 hotel and travel agencies operating in Egypt. Given the purpose of the study, a nonlinear partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the data. The findings support the proposed model and thus indicated that WLC has a negative influence on the performance of employees. Moreover, it has also been determined that leisure participation plays an important role in decreasing the negative influence of WLC on emotional exhaustion, cynicism and reduced professional efficacy of employees in hotels and travel agencies. These findings hold important implications for tourism and hospitality firms. K E Y W O R D S burnout, Egypt, hotel and travel agencies, leisure participation, work-leisure conflict

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The moderating role of leisure participation in work–leisure conflict for the reduction of burnout in hotels and travel agencies

Elbaz

Salem²,

Elsetouhi

et al. 2020

Journal of Tourism Research

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“…Surprisingly, unemployment rate among educated women has been observed greater as compared to the unskilled professionals (Hendy, 2015). Nazier (2016) identified the factors that determine the Egyptian women's decision to take part in the labour force using the "Egypt Labour Market Panel Survey" (ELMPS). The findings of this study revealed that there is variation in the factors affecting women's decision to work in the labour force.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Development and Participation of Women in Services Sector: Empirical Evidence from Egypt

Elkhalek¹

2019

IJEF

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The study has presented the lacking aspects concerning women and their roles in the economic development of the country through the assessment of their participation in service sectors through empirical evidence. The findings have shown a significant and positive impact of female illiteracy rate, GPP Growth rate, and industrial share on the female labour force participation. However, there is negative impact of female unemployment on female labour force participation on the female labour force participation. The results have also shown an insignificant and negative impact of urbanization share and industrial share. There is negative but significant impact of industrial share on the female force labour participation in Egypt. The results emphasize on the participation and economic development of female population in the service sector.

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“…This belief is common in most of the Arab countries and it is worth mentioning that Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco, and Jordan are ranked the lowest, globally, when it comes to measuring the female labor force participation. 4 According to the Center for Economic and Social Rights (2013), Egypt encounters very low levels of female participation in the labor market; varying between 20%-25% from the total labor force in the 2000s. 4 Later according to the "World Economic Forum", despite all the economic reforms that are taking place in Egypt, the FLFP remains low at 23.1% in year 2017.…”

Section: Females' Participation In the Egyptian Labor Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 According to the Center for Economic and Social Rights (2013), Egypt encounters very low levels of female participation in the labor market; varying between 20%-25% from the total labor force in the 2000s. 4 Later according to the "World Economic Forum", despite all the economic reforms that are taking place in Egypt, the FLFP remains low at 23.1% in year 2017. Additionally, Egypt has a huge problem of wide gender wage gap, with a rank of 134 from 144 countries and this problem remains challenging till this day with regards to economic growth and development in Egypt.…”

Section: Females' Participation In the Egyptian Labor Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the growth of informal activity among women in Egypt takes place; this is due to the very low wages of public sectors, where the majority of women work in, and the lack of women employment in private sectors, which give much higher wages compared to the public ones. 4 Figure 1 demonstrates the different GWG in both the private and public sectors and it can be observed that the higher percentage of GWG lies in the private sector. Contradictory to the fact that Egypt has a very wide GPG, women in public sectors not only represent a higher employment percentage than men but also there is a wide gender wage gap in favor to woman not men.…”

Section: Females' Participation In the Egyptian Labor Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of FLFP and its impact on economic growth evidence from: Egypt, Germany, and Pakistan

Salman¹,

Shalaby²

2019

SIJ

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The main aim of the following paper is discussing the gender wage discrimination and the impact of an increase in the female labor force participation on economic growth. A comparative study between Egypt and Germany is presented in order to determine the conditions of the female labor market and its wide gender wage gap (GWG) in both countries in addition to its driving forces. Moreover, the reader would be capable of determining how each of Egypt and Germany deal with the problem of wide GWG through previously implemented initiatives and why didn't they succeed. Eventually, the reader would be capable of concluding the result of the research paper, which asserts that the increase in FLFP enhances economic growth. This will be determined through a case study on Pakistan which proves the paper's stance.

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Ever married women’s participation in labor market in Egypt: constraints and opportunities

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

The moderating role of leisure participation in work–leisure conflict for the reduction of burnout in hotels and travel agencies

The moderating role of leisure participation in work–leisure conflict for the reduction of burnout in hotels and travel agencies

Economic Development and Participation of Women in Services Sector: Empirical Evidence from Egypt

Determinants of FLFP and its impact on economic growth evidence from: Egypt, Germany, and Pakistan

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