Event‐related potential variability as a measure of information storage in infant development

Thomas, David; Whitaker, Elizabeth; Crow, C. Donel; Little, Vickie M.; Love, Laura R.; Lykins, M. Sue; Letterman, Margaret R.

doi:10.1080/87565649709540678

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…There are few studies in which P 2 magnitude in newborns or very young infants has been quantified and compared at more than a few electrode sites and there are none in which children in the Toddler age range (1-3 years) have been tested. Overall, the finding of an evenly distributed response extending over fronto-central and temporal areas in Newborns and Toddlers is consistent with current knowledge of the response distribution (Duclaux et al, 1991;Little et al, 1999;Novak et al, 1989;Thomas et al, 1997). Furthermore, the CAEP responses evoked in Newborns almost always had the same morphology at all electrode sites, roughly corresponding to Kurtzberg et al (1984) maturity level V, i.e., the same polarity response over the midline and lateral scalp.…”

Section: Increasingly Focal Distribution Of N 1 and Psupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In fact, the differences lay mainly between Newborns and the other groups, with no differences between Toddlers and the Child group (i.e., from 1 to 6 years). Published findings for infants tested in the first year of life have shown either a decrease in P 2 and N 2 latency (Molfese et al, 1975;Ohlrich et al, 1978;Rotteveel et al, 1986) or no change in latency during this period (Little et al, 1999;Shucard et al, 1987;Thomas et al, 1997).…”

Section: Age-related Changes In Response Latencymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…For example, the amplitude of a peak is thought to rely greatly on synaptic density (Eggermont, 1988), which, in the primary auditory cortex, doubles over the first 3 months of life (Huttenlocher and Dabholkar, 1997). With age, increasing neural synchrony may result in a larger averaged response (Thomas et al, 1997). The magnitude of scalp recorded potentials chronicled over time may also be influenced by changes in the location and/or orientation of the neural substrates.…”

Section: Caep Morphology Amplitude and Latencymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Maturation of the cortical auditory evoked potential in infants and young children

2006

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Section: Increasingly Focal Distribution Of N 1 and Psupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Age-related Changes In Response Latencymentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Caep Morphology Amplitude and Latencymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Maturation of the cortical auditory evoked potential in infants and young children

2006

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“…In waking (or mostly awake) infants, peak latencies do not necessarily show the same developmental trend although the waveforms have similar morphology to those in sleeping infants (Little et al, 1999;Rotteveel et al, 1987a;Shucard et al, 1987;Thomas et al, 1997). The latency of P 2 becomes less variable with age over the first 4 months of life (Thomas et al, 1997).…”

Section: Development Of Peak Latencymentioning

confidence: 94%

Maturation of CAEP in infants and children: A review

2006

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“…When tested in awake infants, CAEP peak latencies do not necessarily show the same developmental trend although the waveforms have similar morphology to those in sleeping infants. The latency of P2 becomes less variable with age over the first 4 months of life (Thomas et al, 1997). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of infant cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) for tone and speech tokens

Cone

Whitaker

2013

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Objectives Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) to tones and speech sounds were obtained in infants to: 1) further knowledge of auditory development above the level of the brainstem during the first year of life; 2) establish CAEP input-output functions for tonal and speech stimuli as a function of stimulus level and to 3) elaborate the data-base that establishes CAEP in infants tested while awake using clinically relevant stimuli, thus providing methodology that would have translation to pediatric audiological assessment. Hypotheses concerning CAEP development were that the latency and amplitude input-output functions would reflect immaturity in encoding stimulus level. In a second experiment, infants were tested with the same stimuli used to evoke the CAEPs. Thresholds for these stimuli were determined using observer-based psychophysical techniques. The hypothesis was that the behavioral thresholds would be correlated with CAEP input-output functions because of shared cortical response areas known to be active in sound detection. Design 36 infants, between the ages of 4-12 months (mean= 8 months, s.d.=1.8 months) and 9 young adults (mean age 21 years) with normal hearing were tested. First, CAEPs amplitude and latency input-output functions were obtained for 4 tone bursts and 7 speech tokens. The tone bursts stimuli were 50 ms tokens of pure tones at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 kHz. The speech sound tokens, /a/, /i/, /o/, /u/, /m/, /s/, and /∫/, were created from natural speech samples and were also 50 ms in duration. CAEPs were obtained for tone burst and speech token stimuli at 10 dB level decrements in descending order from 70 dB SPL. All CAEP tests were completed while the infants were awake and engaged in quiet play. For the second experiment, observer-based psychophysical methods were used to establish perceptual threshold for the same speech sound and tone tokens. Results Infant CAEP component latencies were prolonged by 100-150 ms in comparison to adults. CAEP latency-intensity input output functions were steeper in infants compared to adults. CAEP amplitude growth functions with respect to stimulus SPL are adult-like at this age, particularly for the earliest component, P1-N1. Infant perceptual thresholds were elevated with respect to those found in adults. Furthermore, perceptual thresholds were higher, on average, than levels at which CAEPs could be obtained. When CAEP amplitudes were plotted with respect to perceptual threshold (dB SL), the infant CAEP amplitude growth slopes were steeper than in adults. Conclusions Although CAEP latencies indicate immaturity in neural transmission at the level of the cortex, amplitude growth with respect to stimulus SPL is adult-like at this age, particularly for the earliest component, P1-N1. The latency and amplitude input-output functions may provide additional information as to how infants perceive stimulus level. The reasons for the discrepancy between electrophysiologic and perceptual threshold may be due to immaturity in perceptual temporal resoluti...

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Event‐related potential variability as a measure of information storage in infant development

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Maturation of the cortical auditory evoked potential in infants and young children

Maturation of the cortical auditory evoked potential in infants and young children

Maturation of CAEP in infants and children: A review

Dynamics of infant cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) for tone and speech tokens

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