Event-related potential evidence of dysfunction in automatic processing in abstinent alcoholics

Realmuto, George M.; Begleiter, Henri; Odencrantz, John; Porjesz, Bernice

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(93)90097-w

Cited by 61 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Both antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and family history of alcoholism predispose individuals to alcoholism, and individuals in both of these groups manifest low P3 sec (Hesselbrock et al 1993). Because P3a amplitude reductions have not only been found in alcoholics (Hada et al in press;Pfefferbaum et al 1991;Realmuto et al 1993;Rodriguez Holguin et al 1999b) but also in HR subjects (Rodriguez Holguin et al 1999a) as well as in this study, it is suggested that the P3a amplitude reduction is also a heritable trait. It satisfies some of the conditions necessary for a phenotypic marker of a psychiatric disease .…”

Section: P3a Cns Disinhibition and Predisposition For Alcoholismmentioning

confidence: 90%

Auditory P3a deficits in male subjects at high risk for alcoholism

Hada

Porjesz

Chorlian

et al. 2001

Biological Psychiatry

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Section: P3a Cns Disinhibition and Predisposition For Alcoholismmentioning

confidence: 90%

Auditory P3a deficits in male subjects at high risk for alcoholism

Hada

Porjesz

Chorlian

et al. 2001

Biological Psychiatry

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“…To clarify whether amplitude/latency differences for the P300 were driven by characteristics of the foregoing N200, N2/P3 amplitude and latency differences (e.g., P300 minus N200 amplitude and latency; Realmuto et al, 1993) were analyzed using values derived from the average activity of LMPa, RMPa, and MiPa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variant of the P300 is attention dependent and is an index of controlled processing (Realmuto et al, 1993). The P300 is often preceded by a central negativity (N200), which is also sensitive to emotion and substance-related attentional biases (Carretié et al, 2004), and is thought to refl ect automatic processing (Realmuto et al, 1993). Previous fi ndings suggest that emotional stimuli activate motivational, appetitive systems to enhance automatic processing, resulting in larger amplitudes and/or shorter latencies of ERPs (Carretié et al, 2004;Schupp et al, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Stress and Event-Related Potential Correlates of Attention to Alcohol Images in Social Drinkers

Ceballos

Giuliano

Wicha

et al. 2012

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: The use of alcohol to cope with stress is a major health concern, yet the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the effects of stress on alcohol-related cognition are not well understood. This study examined changes in event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by alcohol-related images before and after a stressor compared with a control condition. Method: Social drinkers (N = 75; 38 male) were assigned to one of two target subgroups for completion of an oddball task: (a) to detect alcohol targets while ignoring household object distracters and frequently presented nonsense shapes or (b) to detect object targets while ignoring alcohol distracters and nonsense shapes. ERPs were recorded before and after one of two conditions: a stressor or a nonstressful control task. Results: N200 latency and amplitude changes were modulated by stress. Similarly, stress reduced P300 latencies beyond practice effects. For P300 amplitude, the target subgroup interacted with the condition such that the standard "oddball" effect was observed in the control condition but was absent in the stress condition, suggesting that stress may have interfered with the participants' cognitive effi ciency, or the ability to ignore task-irrelevant stimuli. Conclusions: These fi ndings suggest that stress infl uences the early stages of alcohol-related processing, an effect that may be particularly apparent in ERP latencies. These fi ndings have implications for understanding the neural mechanisms involved with stress and alcohol cue reactivity. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 73, 761-771, 2012)

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“…MMN overlaps the N100 and the P200 components, with a peak latency around 150 ms after stimulus onset and reaches maximal amplitude at frontal scalp loca-tions [148]. The amplitude of the MMN has been found to be lower in alcoholics than in non-alcoholic controls [140]. The component has been proposed as an index of the brain inhibitory deficit associated with alcoholism [78,178].…”

Section: Mismatch Negativity (Mmn)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic alcoholism: Insights from neurophysiology

Campanella¹,

Petit²,

Maurage³

et al. 2009

Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology

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SummaryIntroduction. -Increasing knowledge of the anatomical structures and cellular processes underlying psychiatric disorders may help bridge the gap between clinical signs and basic physiological processes. Accordingly, considerable insight has been gained in recent years into a common psychiatric condition, i.e., chronic alcoholism. Material and methods. -We reviewed various physiological parameters that are altered in chronic alcoholic patients compared to healthy individuals -continuous electroencephalogram, oculomotor measures, cognitive event-related potentials and event-related oscillations -to identify links between these physiological parameters, altered cognitive processes and specific clinical symptoms. Results. -Alcoholic patients display: (1) high beta and theta power in the resting electroencephalogram, suggesting hyperarousal of their central nervous system; (2) abnormalities in smooth pursuit eye movements, in saccadic inhibition during antisaccade tasks, and in prepulse inhibition, suggesting disturbed attention modulation and abnormal patterns of prefrontal activation that may stem from the same prefrontal ''inhibitory'' cortical dysfunction; (3) decreased amplitude for cognitive event-related potentials situated along the continuum of informationprocessing, suggesting that alcoholism is associated with neurophysiological deficits at the level of the sensory cortex and not only disturbances involving associative cortices and limbic structures; and (4) decreased theta, gamma and delta oscillations, suggesting cognitive disinhibition at a functional level. Discussion. -The heterogeneity of alcoholic disorders in terms of symptomatology, course and outcome is the result of various pathophysiological processes that physiological parameters * Corresponding author. E-mail address: salvatore.campanella@chu-brugmann.be (S. Campanella).

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Event-related potential evidence of dysfunction in automatic processing in abstinent alcoholics

Cited by 61 publications

References 38 publications

Auditory P3a deficits in male subjects at high risk for alcoholism

Auditory P3a deficits in male subjects at high risk for alcoholism

Acute Stress and Event-Related Potential Correlates of Attention to Alcohol Images in Social Drinkers

Chronic alcoholism: Insights from neurophysiology

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