Evening rather than morning increased physical activity alters the microbiota in mice and is associated with increased body temperature and sympathetic nervous system activation

Sasaki, Hiroyuki; Miyakawa, Hiroki; Watanabe, Aya; Tamura, Konomi; Shiga, Kazuto; Lyu, Yijin; Ichikawa, Natsumi; Fu, Yunxian; Hayashi, Katsuki; Imamura, Momoko; Shibata, Shigenobu

doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166373

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“… 95 Furthermore, the effects of exercise timing on gut microbiota have recently been examined in mice. 96 Evening exercise decreased fecal pH, increased SCFAs, and altered microflora compared with morning exercise. SCFAs promoted GLP-1 secretion in the intestinal tract.…”

Section: Effect Of Different Exercise Timings On Metabolic Health ( ...mentioning

confidence: 93%

Chrono-exercise: Time-of-day-dependent physiological responses to exercise

Kim

Radák

Takahashi

et al. 2023

Sports Medicine and Health Science

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Section: Effect Of Different Exercise Timings On Metabolic Health ( ...mentioning

confidence: 93%

Chrono-exercise: Time-of-day-dependent physiological responses to exercise

Kim

Radák

Takahashi

et al. 2023

Sports Medicine and Health Science

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“…The effects of exercise are known to depend on the timing of exercise (55,56). In the current study, mice were subjected to exercise during the early light period, corresponding to the late afternoon or early night phase (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Vigorous Exercise Decreases Subsequent Non-Exercise Physical Activity and Body Temperature Linked to Weight Gain

Funabashi,

Dobashi,

Sameshima

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Exercise benefits the body and mind, but its weight loss effect is less than generally expected. Although this phenomenon is likely due to a decrease in non-exercise physical activity (NEPA) and thermogenesis following exercise, the underlying mechanisms and effects of exercise intensity remain unknown. Here we show the potential role of corticosterone dynamics in the decline in NEPA and heat production following vigorous exercise. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were categorized into three groups: sedentary, moderate exercise, and vigorous exercise, with exercise groups undergoing a 30 min treadmill session. Using an intraperitoneally implanted activity monitor, NEPA and body temperature (BT) were monitored for two days before and three days after exercise. The daily synchrony between the NEPA and BT was evaluated using a cross-correlation function. Plasma corticosterone was also detected at 6 and 24 h after exercise. Notably, only the vigorous exercise group exhibited a decline in both NEPA and BT, and increased body weight compared to the sedentary group, despite no observed changes in food intake. Furthermore, a distinct negative time lag was identified between the daily dynamics of NEPA and BT following vigorous exercise. A positive correlation was observed between plasma corticosterone levels and changes in NEPA before and after exercise across all exercise groups. Our findings provide evidence for vigorous exercise-specific reduction in NEPA, BT, and their synchrony, likely due to the disturbed circadian rhythm of corticosterone. Declined BT could imply lowered thermogenesis, providing novel insights into the role of exercise intensity in influencing the weight loss effects of exercise.

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“…Metabolites except for acetic acid were measured with capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOF/MS). Acetic acid, which cannot be measured by CE-TOF/MS because it is contained in running solution, was measured with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS; 7890B, 5977B; Agilent Technologies, Inc.) as previously described ( 16 ) with some modifications. Acetic acid were extracted from a total of 0.05 g of human feces by shaking with 0.4 mL of diethyl ether and 0.2 mL of chloroform (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corp., Osaka, Japan) and then acidified with 0.05 mL of 1 mol/L.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The differential effect of two cereal foods on gut environment: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study

Yamauchi,

Masutomi,

Ishihara

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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Background and aimsCereal-based foods such as fruit granola (FG) and corn flakes (CF) form part of a fiber-rich diet. Dietary fiber has a good effect on human health. However, changes in gut microbiota and intestinal immunity have not been investigated. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the effects of FG and CF intake on gut microbiota, metabolome, and the immune system.MethodsSubjects continuously consume CF or FG for 4 weeks. Stool samples, and questionnaires on defecation were collected before, 2 weeks after, and 4 weeks after intake. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Fecal metabolomes were analyzed using GC/MS and CE-TOF/MS. Fecal IgA was analyzed using ELISA.ResultsThe defecation frequency after cereal based food intake was improved. The different cereal-based foods had different effects on gut microbiome. The increase in intestinal IgA levels was positively correlated with the relative abundance of Dialister and the Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group in CF and FG group, respectively. SCFAs showed a positive correlation with Prevotella 9 in the FG group.ConclusionThis study showed that the supplement in dietary fiber contained in CF and FG improves bowel movements. CF and FG each had different effects on gut microbes, metabolites and different relationships between fecal IgA or SCFAs and gut microbiota.

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Evening rather than morning increased physical activity alters the microbiota in mice and is associated with increased body temperature and sympathetic nervous system activation

Cited by 8 publications

References 84 publications

Chrono-exercise: Time-of-day-dependent physiological responses to exercise

Chrono-exercise: Time-of-day-dependent physiological responses to exercise

Acute Vigorous Exercise Decreases Subsequent Non-Exercise Physical Activity and Body Temperature Linked to Weight Gain

The differential effect of two cereal foods on gut environment: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study

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