Evening chronotype is associated with severe NAFLD in obesity

Vetrani, Claudia; Barrea, Luigi; Verde, Ludovica; Sarno, Gerardo; Docimo, Annamaria; Alteriis, Giulia de; Savastano, Silvia; Colao, Annamaria; Muscogiuri, Giovanna

doi:10.1038/s41366-022-01159-3

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Our findings are in line with the above mentioned previous study among middle aged adults (on average 50 years of age) suggesting that a more preferred eveningness was associated with a higher waist circumference and a higher visceral adipose tissue but not with subcutaneous adipose tissue [ 5 ]. To our knowledge, reports on the association between chronotype and visceral fat mass are currently limited to middle-aged samples [ 5 , 34 ] and is has not been reported whether this also applies to young adults with a normal BMI, yet comparably late chronotype.” Of note, our study suggests that selective adverse associations may already be discernible at a young age in a relatively healthy sample, which calls for a consideration of chronotype in future public health strategies. The novelty of our study is also that we emphasized the role of physical activity in this context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, reports on the association between chronotype and visceral fat mass are currently limited to middle-aged samples [5,34] and has not been reported whether this also living in shared apartments a…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the mean age of those participants was approximately 50 years. In contrast, another study reported that neither chronotype nor SJL was associated with body composition outcomes such as percentage of body fat, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio among young adults aged [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] years, but associations between sleep quality and body composition varied by chronotype [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association of chronotype and social jet lag with body composition in German students: The role of physical activity behaviour and the impact of the pandemic lockdown

et al. 2023

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Young adults with a later chronotype are vulnerable for a discrepancy in sleep rhythm between work- and free days, called social jet lag (SJL). This study analysed (i) chronotype/SJL association with visceral fat/skeletal muscle mass, (ii) the attribution to physical activity behaviour, and (iii) chronotype-specific changes in physical activity behaviour in young adults during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown. Chronotype and SJL were derived from the Munich-Chrono-Type-Questionnaire in 320 German students (age 18–25 years) from September 2019 to January 2020, 156 of these participated in an online follow-up survey in June 2020. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance analysis at baseline. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to relate chronotype/SJL to body composition; the contribution of self-reported physical activity was tested by mediation analysis. At baseline, a later chronotype and a larger SJL were associated with a higher visceral fat mass (P<0.05), this relation was notably mediated by the attention to physical activity (P<0.05). Chronotype (P = 0.02) but not SJL (P = 0.87) was inversely associated with skeletal muscle mass. During the pandemic lockdown, chronotype hardly changed, but SJL was reduced. Timing and physical activity behaviour remained in most participants and changes were unrelated to chronotype (all P>0.07). A later chronotype/higher SJL may increase the risk of a higher visceral fat mass even in this relatively healthy sample, which may be partly due to their physical activity behaviour. Despite a reduction in SJL during the pandemic lockdown, later chronotypes did not change their physical activity behaviour more than earlier chronotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association of chronotype and social jet lag with body composition in German students: The role of physical activity behaviour and the impact of the pandemic lockdown

et al. 2023

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“…Individuals’ chronotype can be categorized as “early” or “morning”, when people go to bed and wake up early, whereas “late” or “evening” will define people who go to bed and wake up late [ 104 , 105 ]. A recent study has shown that individuals with a late chronotype presented a significantly higher visceral adiposity index, liver fat equation, hepatic steatosis, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis indexes [ 106 ], and a lower adherence to a healthy diet, calculated with the Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire [ 107 ]. Moreover, people with late chronotypes reported 0.25 less servings of fruit and 0.13 less servings of vegetables per day compared to people with early chronotypes [ 108 ].…”

Section: Chrononutrition In the Management Of Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Circadian Clock on the Pathogenesis and Lifestyle Management in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2022

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Several features of the modern lifestyle, such as weekly schedules or irregular daily eating patterns, have become major drivers of global health problems, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Sleep is an essential component of human well-being, and it has been observed that when circadian rhythms are disrupted, or when sleep quality decreases, an individual’s overall health may worsen. In addition, the discrepancy between the circadian and social clock, due to weekly work/study schedules, is called social jetlag and has also been associated with adverse metabolic profiles. Current management of NAFLD is based on dietary intake and physical activity, with circadian preferences and other environmental factors also needing to be taken into account. In this regard, dietary approaches based on chrononutrition, such as intermittent fasting or time-restricted feeding, have proven to be useful in realigning lifestyle behaviors with circadian biological rhythms. However, more studies are needed to apply these dietary strategies in the treatment of these patients. In this review, we focus on the impact of circadian rhythms and the role of sleep patterns on the pathogenesis and development of NAFLD, as well as the consideration of chrononutrition for the precision nutrition management of patients with NAFLD.

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“…The differences in glucose sensitivity between morning and evening are due to the circadian fluctuations of insulin, which peaks during the day and then decreases its sensitivity in the evening [85]. In humans, glucose metabolism is subject to a CR with a diurnal variation in glucose tolerance that typically peaks during the day [86,87]. This glucose rhythm is related to food intake, with peak glucose tolerance accompanying food intake (during the day) and decreasing with fasting during the dark night hours [86].…”

Section: Nutritional Approach To Women With Menopause and Obesity And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronotype and Sleep Quality in Obesity: How Do They Change After Menopause?

Verde¹,

Barrea

Vetrani³

et al. 2022

Curr Obes Rep

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Purpose of Review This review primarily provides an overview of the current evidence on chronotype (which reflects an individual’s preference for the timing of sleeping, eating, and activity in a 24-h period) and sleep quality changes in obesity in postmenopausal women. It also explores possible nutritional strategies to manage these changes in this phase of a woman’s life. Recent Findings Menopause is a life stage frequently associated with sleep disturbances and changes in circadian rhythms. Sleep disturbances are one of the main symptoms of menopause and are caused by several factors such as hormonal changes, obesity, and melatonin reduction. In addition, the chronotype also changes following menopause. Nutritional strategies are essential because they could help manage menopausal sleep disturbances and circadian misalignment, particularly by tackling obesity and overweight. Summary In the management of postmenopausal women, especially those experiencing obesity, careful assessment of sleep disturbances and chronotype and subsequent development of the most appropriate treatment, including nutritional management, should be part of the treatment routine.

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Evening chronotype is associated with severe NAFLD in obesity

Cited by 20 publications

References 52 publications

The association of chronotype and social jet lag with body composition in German students: The role of physical activity behaviour and the impact of the pandemic lockdown

The association of chronotype and social jet lag with body composition in German students: The role of physical activity behaviour and the impact of the pandemic lockdown

Role of Circadian Clock on the Pathogenesis and Lifestyle Management in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Chronotype and Sleep Quality in Obesity: How Do They Change After Menopause?

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