Evapotranspiration in green stormwater infrastructure systems

Ebrahimian, Ali; Wadzuk, Bridget; Traver, Robert G.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.256

Cited by 91 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…It is influenced by meteorological and hydrological factors, soil type, land use, land cover (vegetative cover), conveyance infrastructure, irrigation systems, and watershed storage. Therefore, the impact of urbanization on ET is not as clear as that on infiltration and runoff (Coombes & Roso, ; Ebrahimian, Wadzuk, & Traver, ; Stephenson, ). Some studies report a decreased ET in urban areas compared with neighbouring rural areas (Bhaskar & Welty, ; Coombes & Roso, ), and other studies report similar ET in urban and rural areas due to residential irrigation (Stephenson, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and spatial variation of infiltration in urban green infrastructure

Ebrahimian

Sample-Lord

Wadzuk

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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Infiltration is the primary mechanism in green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) systems to reduce the runoff volume from urbanized areas. Soil hydraulic conductivity is most important in influencing GSI infiltration rates. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) is a critical parameter for GSI design and post-construction performance. However, Ksat measurement in the field is problematic due to temporal and spatial variability and measurement errors. This review paper focuses on a comparison of methods for in-situ Ksat measurement and the causes of temporal and spatial variations of Ksat within GSI systems. Automated infiltration testing methods, such as the Modified Philip-Dunne (MPD) and SATURO infiltrometers, show promise for efficient Ksat measurements. Soil Ksat values can change over time and substantially vary throughout a GSI, which can be attributed to multiple factors, including but not limited to temperature changes, soil composition and properties, soil compaction level, plant root morphology and distribution, biological and macrofauna activities in the soil, inflow sediment characteristics, quality of infiltrating water, and measurement errors. There is evidence that infiltration rates in vegetated urban GSI systems are sustained given an appropriate GSI design, reasonable concentration of suspended sediments in the inflow runoff, and routine maintenance procedures.These observations indicate that clogging can be counteracted by processes that tend to increase the soil hydraulic conductivity (e.g., plant root and biological activities). This self-sustainability underlines that infiltration-based GSI systems are a reliable long-term stormwater management solution. Recommendations on how to incorporate the temporal changes of Ksat in GSI design and on obtaining a spatiallyrepresentative Ksat for the GSI design are presented. K E Y W O R D Sgreen infrastructure, hydraulic conductivity, infiltration, infiltrometer, saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil, stormwater, urban areas

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and spatial variation of infiltration in urban green infrastructure

Ebrahimian

Sample-Lord

Wadzuk

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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“…Current ET models are mostly from agriculture applications and can struggle to capture the complex interactions between the vegetation, soil, and climate of a green roof. Ebrahimian, Wadzuk, and Traver (2019) found that the 1985 Hargreaves method was generally acceptable for continuous simulation of ET processes in green roofs. Based on the model, ET could be increased through the use of an undrained green roof system and/or finer soil, both of which would hold more water in the substrate.…”

Section: Green Roofsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban stormwater characterization, control, and treatment

Rodak

Jayakaran

Moore

et al. 2020

Water Environment Research

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This review summarizes over 280 studies published in 2019 related to the characterization, control, and management of urban stormwater runoff. A summary of quantity and quality concerns is provided in the first section of the review, serving as the foundation for the following sections which focus on the control and treatment of stormwater runoff. Finally, the impact of stormwater control devices at the watershed scale is discussed. Each section provides a self-contained overview of the 2019 literature, common themes, and future work. Several themes emerged from the 2019 literature including exploration of substrate amendments for improved water quality effluent from stormwater controls, the continued study of the role of vegetation in green infrastructure practices, and a call to action for the development of new models which generate reliable, computationally efficient results under the physical, chemical, biological, and social complexity of stormwater management. © 2020 Water Environment Federation • Practitioner points • Over 280 studies were published in 2019 related to the characterization, control, and treatment of urban stormwater. • Studies on bioretention and general stormwater characteristics represented the two most common subtopics in 2019. • Trends in 2019 included novel substrate amendments, studies on the role of vegetation, and advancements in computational models.

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“…Appropriate selection of LID solutions is an important problem in designing rainwater management systems because both individual techniques and their combinations have a different impact on reducing the quantity and quality of runoff [35]. The assessment of their effectiveness is based on the estimation of runoff reduction or the amount of water that can be harvested [36][37][38], and hydraulic modeling [14,35,39,40] or advanced modeling of individual processes such as infiltration [41] or evapotranspiration [42]. LID techniques have a diverse impact not only on economic costs and benefits but also on difficult to assess social and ecological costs and benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Rainwater Management Concept in a Housing Estate with a Financial Feasibility Assessment and Motivational Rainwater Fee System Efficiency Analysis

Godyń

Grela

Stajno

et al. 2020

Water

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Unresourceful usage of rainwater continues to be a serious problem as this type of natural resource is still treated as wastewater that most often ends up directly in the sewer system. The aim of the article is to present a concept of sustainable rainwater management within a completed housing estate in Cracow (Poland). Sustainable solutions are proposed, such as rain gardens, soakaways, permeable surfaces, and infiltration boxes, limiting the surface runoff, feasible for implementation in an existing development. Their efficacy was shown by estimating the runoff reduction and two financial assessments: (1) the required investment costs converted to costs per 1 m2 of residential area and as per 1 household, and (2) the assessment of financial profitability by the rate of return and the payback period, which are the basic tool for making decisions by potential investors: developers and residents. On the cost side, investment costs are included, and on the benefit side, savings resulting from the reduction of national and municipal rainwater fees. The analysis also aims to examine the incentive nature of these fees. National rainwater drainage fees, which have been introduced to encourage rainwater retention, have low non-incentive rates and the potential benefits of reducing them maybe around 1% of investment capital, which gives a payback period of almost 100 years. Higher rates of municipal fees are more motivating for investors; the proposed concept of rainwater management can potentially bring savings of around 9% (rate of return), and investment can be recovered within 12 years.

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Evapotranspiration in green stormwater infrastructure systems

Cited by 91 publications

References 103 publications

Temporal and spatial variation of infiltration in urban green infrastructure

Temporal and spatial variation of infiltration in urban green infrastructure

Urban stormwater characterization, control, and treatment

Sustainable Rainwater Management Concept in a Housing Estate with a Financial Feasibility Assessment and Motivational Rainwater Fee System Efficiency Analysis

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