Evanescent field sensors and the implementation of waveguiding nanostructures

Börner, S.; Orghici, Rozalia; Waldvogel, Siegfried R.; Willer, Ulrike; Schade, Wolfgang

doi:10.1364/ao.48.00b183

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The confinement of light is governed by the principle of total internal reflection at the interface between media with different indices of refraction. 8 As light propagates within the semiconductor waveguide, it undergoes total internal reflection if the angle of incidence is above a certain critical angle Θ c (determined by the ratio of the refractive indices by sin Θ c ¼ n 2 ∕n 1 ). Here, n 1 is the refractive index of the waveguide and n 2 is the refractive index of the medium above the waveguide.…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Pic-based Optical Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,10 The total absorption for an analyte maximally proved by the evanescent field, described by the Beer-Lambert Law, − ln IðλÞ I 0 ðλÞ ¼ aðλÞCL, can then be used to calculate the concentration (C) of the analyte, where I 0 is the input intensity, I is the transmitted intensity, aðλÞ is the wavelength-dependent attenuation coefficient, and L is the length of the sensing region. 8 Evident here is that sensor performance is determined not only by the analyte and its interaction strength with its receptor, but also by the physical design of the sensor, which determines the total analyte-light interaction (i.e., the length of the devices, the strength of the evanescent field, and its overlap with the optical cross section of the analyte).…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Pic-based Optical Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photonic integrated circuits for Department of Defense-relevant chemical and biological sensing applications: state-of-the-art and future outlooks

et al. 2019

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Photonic integrated circuits (PICs), the optical counterpart of traditional electronic integrated circuits, are paving the way toward truly portable and highly accurate biochemical sensors for Department of Defense (DoD)-relevant applications. We introduce the fundamentals of PIC-based biochemical sensing and describe common PIC sensor architectures developed to-date for single-identification and spectroscopic sensor classes. We discuss DoD investments in PIC research and summarize current challenges. We also provide future research directions likely required to realize widespread application of PIC-based biochemical sensors. These research directions include materials research to optimize sensor components for multiplexed sensing; engineering improvements to enhance the practicality of PIC-based devices for field use; and the use of synthetic biology techniques to design new selective receptors for chemical and biological agents. © The Authors.Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Fundamentals Of Pic-based Optical Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fundamentals Of Pic-based Optical Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic integrated circuits for Department of Defense-relevant chemical and biological sensing applications: state-of-the-art and future outlooks

et al. 2019

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“…The principle of these sensors is based on total internal reflection at the interface between two media with different refraction indexes [14]. When the incident angle is above the critical angle, light travelling through the high refractive index waveguide undergoes total internal reflection and most of the energy is confined within the high refractive index waveguide core.…”

Section: Theoretical Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Miniature On-Chip Methane Sensor Based on an Ultra-Low Loss Waveguide and a Micro-Ring Resonator Filter

et al. 2017

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A miniature methane sensor composed of a long ultra-low loss waveguide and a micro-ring resonator filter is proposed with high sensitivity and good selectivity. This sensor takes advantage of the evanescent field to implement methane concentration detection at a near infrared band (1650 nm). In the sensor, two waveguides, a strip waveguide and a slot waveguide, are specially designed and discussed based on three common semiconductor materials, including silica, silicon nitride, and silicon. Through simulations and numerical calculations, we determine that for the strip waveguide, the optimal evanescent field ratio (EFR) is approximately 39.8%, while the resolution is 32.1 ppb using a 15-cm waveguide length. For the slot waveguide, the optimal EFR is approximately 61.6%, and the resolution is 20.8 ppb with a 15-cm waveguide length.

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“…2 strongly depends on the performance of the polymer sensory film for several reasons. First, since the film for the proposed LOF platform extends for only a very short distance, from one to several millimeters, signal accumulation through a long fiber segment [6], [7] is out of the question. A sufficiently high quantum yield is thus fundamental, and will also assist in reducing photo-bleaching of the polymer caused by high Ex power density.…”

Section: A Impact Of the Performance Of The Sensory Polymer Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

TNT Vapor Detection Based on a Lab-on-a-Fiber: Achieving a Millimeter-Scale Sensing Element on Fiber

Kos

Bock

et al. 2012

IEEE Sensors J.

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In this paper, we discuss in detail the lab-on-a-fiber (LOF) concept that we proposed earlier (Ma et al., Proc. 4th Eur. Workshop Opt. Fiber Sens., 2010, vol. 7653, PP. 76531E-76531E-4), and present a specific example of this platform intended for trace vapor TNT detection. We show how we arrive at the current LOF design by examining the performance, technical difficulties, and complexities of various possible architectures. In the design solution adopted in our example, the sensing section occupies a space measuring only 1.6 1.6 0.8 mm, but contains several optical and chemical components/functions including a transmission/reflection mirror and TNT sensory film coated on a segment of the side wall of the fiber core. The fiber itself thus serves as the film substrate and when coated with the film becomes an evanescent-wave form fluorescent emission power collector. Its tiny dimensions notwithstanding, the LOF performs several simultaneous functions, including power density tuning and stray excitation light blocking. In addition, this LOF platform features ease of system construction and polymer film application. We demonstrate its fast response to TNT vapor, in the form of a 29% signal drop after 10 s of exposure.Index Terms-Fluorescence spectroscopy, optical fiber transducers, thin films, TNT explosive detection. are with the Centre de recherche en photonique, Département d'informatique et d'ingénierie,Université du Québec en Outaouais,

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Evanescent field sensors and the implementation of waveguiding nanostructures

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Photonic integrated circuits for Department of Defense-relevant chemical and biological sensing applications: state-of-the-art and future outlooks

Photonic integrated circuits for Department of Defense-relevant chemical and biological sensing applications: state-of-the-art and future outlooks

A Miniature On-Chip Methane Sensor Based on an Ultra-Low Loss Waveguide and a Micro-Ring Resonator Filter

TNT Vapor Detection Based on a Lab-on-a-Fiber: Achieving a Millimeter-Scale Sensing Element on Fiber

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