Evaluation of α-glucosidase inhibition, antioxidant and antibacterial effects of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br.

Abstract

The results of antioxidant assays with Gymnema sylvestre leaf extracts revealed that methanol, acetone, and aqueous extracts possessed maximum DPPH (83, 83, and 75%) and ABTS scavenging potential (85, 71, and 82%). Chloroform possessed maximum total flavonoid (24.6 mg/100 ml) and total iron contents (435.3 ± 0.0125 mg FeSO4 E/G). The extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and chloroform of Gymnema sylvestre leaves displayed an IC50 value of 170.2, 44.4, 131.6 μg/ml, respectively in α-glucosidase inhibition assay. Methanol and aqueous extracts showed maximum inhibition of E. ammni (17 ± 2.0 and 19.6 ± 0.57 mm), E. coli (15.3 ± 0.57 and 17.6 ± 0.57 mm), and S. aureus (16.6 ± 1.52 and 19.3 ± 1.15 mm). It may be concluded that all potential effects of G. sylvestre leaf extracts were due to the presence of phytochemical constituents such as flavonoids, steroids, quinones, phenols, triterpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins. Present findings suggest that these extracts present a satisfactory source for the preparation of antioxidant and antidiabetic medicines.

Extraction of gymnemic acid from Gymnema inodorum (Lour.) Decne. leaves and production of dry powder extract using maltodextrin

“…This indicates its ability to neutralize DPPH free radicals. On the other hand, Subramanian et al 23 , Fazal et al 63 , Ghous et al 64 and Jeytawan et al 62 obtained radical scavenging activity of 73.4, 54.4, 83.0 and 62.6% respectively (Table 3 ). Jeytawan et al 62 stated that antioxidant capacity of processed leaves was higher when compared to fresh leaves.…”

“…Table 3 compares the antioxidant potential of PCD extract powder prepared with 0.5% ( w/v ) maltodextrin with that of Gymnema extracts by others research 23 , 62 – 64 . From the results of present study, it was found that PCD extract powder was able to neutralize 75.8% ± 2.6 of DPPH free radicals at 1.58 mg/mL concentration.…”

Antimicrobial Properties of Distichochlamys citrea M.F. Newman Rhizome n‐Hexane Extract against Streptococcus pyogenes: Experimental Evidences and Computational Screening

“…This suggests that Distichochlamys citrea n ‐hexane fraction seems to be specifically efficacious for inhibition of Streptococcus pyogenes . In addition, some other efforts found that n ‐hexane extracts of Gymnema sylvestre leaves, [33] Carissa edulis leaves, [34] Suaeda vermicuata [35] were inactive against Streptococcus pyogenes , which suggest the correlation between the inhibitability and the content of terpene in the different plant species [36] . Furthermore, in‐depth attempts are needed to evaluate the antibacterial potential of sub‐fractionated extracts of Distichochlamys citrea .…”

Potentiality of Organosulfur Compounds Against SARS-CoV-2-Coinfected Bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes and S pneumoniae: A Cross-Platform Analysis from Computational Chemistry

“…Afterward, the dishes were incubated (duration 24 h; temperature 37 °C) before the inhibition zone diameter (IZD) was measured. 25 The procedure was in triplicate in order for the mean IZD to be determined 26,27 and interpreted as 0 mm for no sensitivity or resistance, 1–6 mm for low sensitivity, 7–14 mm for moderate sensitivity, and >14 for high sensitivity.…”