Evaluation of Wheat Cultivars for Slow Rusting Resistance to Leaf and Stem Rust Diseases in Egypt

Abstract

eaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) have been considered to be the most common rust diseases of wheat. Twelve Egyptian wheat cultivars were evaluated for resistance at seedling stage using four slow rusting components i.e. incubation period, latent period, pustule density /cm 2 and pustule size/mm 2. Additionally three parameters of slow rusting resistance at adult plant stage, rust reaction, infection response and rust severity (%). Rate of leaf and stem rust increase (r-value) and area under disease progress curves (AUDPC) were determined under artificial infection with the single race of the two fungi at the adult plant stage in greenhouse experiments. The five cultivars; Misr 3, Sids 12, Shandweel 1, Sakha 94 and Gemmeiza 12 showed low values of incubation period, pustule density/cm 2 , pustules size/mm 2 , infection response, r-value and AUDPC to wheat leaf and stem rust due to characterized as slow rusting resistance cultivars. Also, the cultivar Giza 168 showed complete resistance to leaf and stem rust, while, the two cultivars Misr 1 and Beni Sweif 5 showed slow rusting to leaf rust but characterized as highly susceptible and fast rusting cultivars to stem rust. Correlation between latent period and area AUDPC was negative and strong (r = 0.70) in leaf rust but in stem rust was (r = 0.46). Thus the slow rusting resistant wheat cultivars can be used for developing high-yielding with more durable resistance to leaf and stem rust diseases in bread wheat.

Relation Between Resistance to Leaf Rust and Fusarium Crown Rot Diseases in Some Egyptian Wheat Cultivars

“…While the other 14 wheat cultivars were susceptible to the three races. Similar results were reported by Sallam et al, 2016 andMabrouk et al, 2019. In the present study, the relation between 2 important invading pathogens of wheat i.e. F. pseudograminiarum and Puccinia was investigated in order to know if there is a possible correlation between those two important pathogens or not.…”

Disease Incidence and Genetic Analysis of Adult Plant Resistance to Leaf Rust in Some Egyptian Wheat Cultivars

“…1B) were grouped into two groups of resistance, the first group having the high and the moderate levels of partial resistance i.e., Misr1, Misr2, Misr3, Gemmeiza12, Shandweel-1 and Sakha94, the values of final rust severity and infection response were 10MS, 20MR, Tr.MR, 10S, Tr.S and 20MS, respectively, The resistance genes available in these materials outweigh the virulence of field leaf rust and, despite compatible host pathogenic responses, still result in statistically lower disease Prior to Ali et al, (2007); Li et al, (2010) ;Tabassum, (2011) and Safavi and Afshari, (2013) who also used the rust severity to evaluate the slow rusting behavior of wheat lines. This group is of major importance for efficacious breeding for leaf rust durable resistance Parlevliet (1988); Nzuve et al, (2012) and Mabrouk et al, (2019). On the other hand, cultivars Gemmeiza11 and Sids1 were inserted in the second group with high values of final rust severity, 40S and 50S, respectively, however the susceptible wheat genotype T.s.s.…”

“…Wheat rust has similar results. Rees et al, (1979) ;Broers, (1989); Negm (2004); Ali et al, (2008); Safavi et al, (2010); Boulot and Aly, (2014) and Mabrouk et al, (2019).…”

The Impact of Wheat Yellow Rust on Quantitative and Qualitative Grain Yield Losses under Egyptian Field Conditions.

“…The disease parameter, AUDPC is an important indicator of disease progression over the lifespan of the host (Van der Plank 1963), while the infection rate of the tested varieties (rvalue) has a large variation, partly because the incidence rate is a regression coefficient and the error variation is large, compared to FRS and AUDPC, the disease increase rate in this study seems to produce an unreliable estimate of slow rusting resistance (Negm 2004;Ali et al, 2008;Safavi et al, 2010;Jindal et al, 2012;Ashmmawy et.al., 2013;Boulot and Aly, 2014;Soliman et al, 2016and Mabrouk et al, 2019.…”