Evaluation of urinary biomarkers of exposure to benzene: correlation with blood benzene and influence of confounding factors

Abstract

At low levels of benzene exposure (<0.1 ppm), (1) t,t-MA is definitely not a reliable biomarker of benzene exposure because of the clear influence of SA originating from food, (2) SPMA and B-U reflect the internal dose with almost similar accuracies, (3) genetically based inter-individual variability in urinary excretion of biomarkers seems negligible. It remains to assess which biomarker is the best predictor of health effects.

Benzene exposure among auto-repair workers from workplace ambience: A pioneer study from Pakistan

“…Among all the areas visited during the survey, only 10% had satisfactory hygiene, whereas 90% places were under Blood benzene analysis and quality control parameters All the steps of the extraction were standardized, with making every possible effort to avoid contamination and to observe good laboratory practices. Samples standard concentrations were prepared and analyzed according to a previously reported method [12][13][14]. Calibration standards were prepared by serial dilutions in acetonitrile, from the stock.…”

Analisis Paparan BTX Terhadap Pekerja Di Pt. Pertamina Ru Iv Cilacap

“…Biomarker sebagai indikator biokimia dapat diaplikasikan untuk melihat kerusakan lingkungan dengan mengukur paparan polusi pada manusia (Roosmini et al, 2006) Biomarker yang dapat digunakan untuk monitoring biologi paparan benzene antara lain t,t-muconic acid, S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA), dan fenol (Lovreglio, 2010). Menurut Hoet (2009), SPMA dan urinary benzene memiliki akurasi yang sama. Selain itu dapat juga diketahui adanya paparan benzene melalui konsentrasinya dalam darah, dan kandungan protein dalam darah (Weisel et al, 2010).…”

Assessment of Environmental Exposure to Benzene: Traditional and New Biomarkers of Internal Dose

“…Nevertheless, a significant correlation was found, when considering only the non smokers, between urinary t,t-MA and the time spent in urban traffic, in agreement with the report by Bergamaschi et al (1999). Unlike t,t-MA, SPMA is a highly specific metabolite of benzene, and in the occupational field it has been shown to be a valid biomarker of exposure to even low concentrations of this toxicant (Hoet et al, 2009). All the SPMA assays made in our sample, both adjusted and non adjusted for creatinine, were below the top limit of the reference values for the Italian population of 0.1-10 μg/L (5 th -95 th percentile) (Biolind, 2011), even if in 15 smokers and 2 non smokers the concentrations were higher than the 95 th percentile of the values recently observed in a population with no occupational exposure resident in a northern Italian city (Milan) .…”