Evaluation of toxicity of some quaternary ammonium compounds

Arro, Leonida; Salenstedt, C. R.

doi:10.1016/0092-1157(73)90034-6

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The safety of CPC has been extensively evaluated and confirmed, based on data collected from animal and pharmacokinetic studies, via assessment of adverse events in randomized, placebo ‐controlled clinical trials and from post‐market spontaneous adverse event data reported to the manufacturer and the FDA. In the present study, the participants reported no serious adverse effects, and there was no difference in taste perception between the CPC rinse and its true placebo .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term efficacy of a 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse in relation to plaque and gingivitis: a 6‐month randomized, vehicle‐controlled clinical trial

Leeuwen

Rosema

Versteeg

et al. 2014

Int J Dental Hygiene

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term efficacy of a 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse in relation to plaque and gingivitis: a 6‐month randomized, vehicle‐controlled clinical trial

Leeuwen

Rosema

Versteeg

et al. 2014

Int J Dental Hygiene

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“…In our recent work, we have disclosed a modification of gold nanorods with PEG and mercaptoundecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (MUTAB) that provides high efficiency and reproducibility of phagocytosis from tumor-tropic macrophages [ 28 , 29 ]. However, quaternary ammonium compounds, such as MUTAB, are likely to cause cytotoxicity and so require caution [ 52 – 55 ]. More recently, we have reported on an alternative design that replaces these compounds with biocompatible arginine-rich cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) [ 56 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polylysine as a functional biopolymer to couple gold nanorods to tumor-tropic cells

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe delivery of plasmonic particles, such as gold nanorods, to the tumor microenvironment has attracted much interest in biomedical optics for topical applications as the photoacoustic imaging and photothermal ablation of cancer. However, the systemic injection of free particles still crashes into a complexity of biological barriers, such as the reticuloendothelial system, that prevent their efficient biodistribution. In this context, the notion to exploit the inherent features of tumor-tropic cells for the creation of a Trojan horse is emerging as a plausible alternative.ResultsWe report on a convenient approach to load cationic gold nanorods into murine macrophages that exhibit chemotactic sensitivity to track gradients of inflammatory stimuli. In particular, we compare a new model of poly-l-lysine-coated particles against two alternatives of cationic moieties that we have presented elsewhere, i.e. a small quaternary ammonium compound and an arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptide. Murine macrophages that are exposed to poly-l-lysine-coated gold nanorods at a dosage of 400 µM Au for 24 h undertake efficient uptake, i.e. around 3 pg Au per cell, retain the majority of their cargo until 24 h post-treatment and maintain around 90% of their pristine viability, chemotactic and pro-inflammatory functions.ConclusionsWith respect to previous models of cationic coatings, poly-l-lysine is a competitive solution for the preparation of biological vehicles of gold nanorods, especially for applications that may require longer life span of the Trojan horse, say in the order of 24 h. This biopolymer combines the cost-effectiveness of small molecules and biocompatibility and efficiency of natural peptides and thus holds potential for translational developments.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12951-018-0377-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…It has been proposed for inclusion in a range of products for dental use, such as mouth rinses, toothpastes, varnishes, orthodontic adhesives and liners for glass ionomer cements [9-14]. The safety and efficacy of CPC have been evaluated extensively and proven based on cytotoxicity data collected from many animal studies [15-17]. Therefore, the use of a CPC-containing nanoemulsion to control the adhesion and biofilm formation of cariogenic bacteria on the tooth surface is a logical approach to prevent this common oral disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of nanoemulsion on cariogenic planktonic and biofilm organisms

Ramalingam

Amaechi

Ralph

et al. 2012

Archives of Oral Biology

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Introduction Nanoemulsions (NE) are a unique class of disinfectants produced by mixing a water immiscible liquid phase into an aqueous phase under high shear forces. NE have antimicrobial properties and are also effective anti-biofilm agents. Materials and Methods The effectiveness of nanoemulsion and its components was determined against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei by live/dead staining. In vitro antimicrobial effectiveness of nanoemulsion against planktonic Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei, Actinomyces viscosus, Candida albicans and mixed culture was determined by a serial dilution technique to obtain minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC). In addition, efficacy was investigated by kinetics of killing, adherence and biofilm assays. Results Compared to its components, nanoemulsion showed notable antimicrobial activity against biofilm organisms, up to 83.0% kill within 1 min. NE dilutions ranging from 243 to 19683 were effective against planktonic S. mutans, L. casei, A. viscosus, C. albicans and mixed culture of these four strains as shown through MIC/MBC assays. NE showed antimicrobial activity against planktonic cells at high dilutions, confirmed by time kill studies. The level of adhesion on glass surface was reduced by 94.2 to 99.5 % in nanoemulsion treated groups (p < 0.001). 4-day-old S. mutans, L. casei, A. viscosus, C. albicans and mixed cultures biofilms treated with NE showed reductions of bacterial counts with decreasing dilutions (p < 0.001). Conclusion These results suggest that nanoemulsion has effective anti-cariogenic activity against cariogenic microorganisms and may be a useful medication in the prevention of caries.

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Evaluation of toxicity of some quaternary ammonium compounds

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Long‐term efficacy of a 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse in relation to plaque and gingivitis: a 6‐month randomized, vehicle‐controlled clinical trial

Long‐term efficacy of a 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse in relation to plaque and gingivitis: a 6‐month randomized, vehicle‐controlled clinical trial

Polylysine as a functional biopolymer to couple gold nanorods to tumor-tropic cells

Antimicrobial activity of nanoemulsion on cariogenic planktonic and biofilm organisms

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