Evaluation of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars as sensitive Cd biomarkers during the seedling stage

Abstract

Sensitive seedling crops have been developed to monitor Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soil. In the present study, 18 parameters involving growth conditions and physiological performances were assessed to evaluate Cd-responses of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, Xihan1 (XH), Longzhong1 (LZ) and Dingfeng16 (DF). Principle component analysis illustrated that Factor 1, representing growth performance, soluble sugar content and catalase activity, responded to the Cd treatments in a dose dependent manner, while Factor 2 represented by chlorophyll content and germinating root growth was mainly dependent on cultivar differences. Higher inhibition rates were observed in growth performance than in physiological responses, with the highest inhibition rates of shoot biomasses (39.6%), root length (58.7%), root tip number (57.8%) and bifurcation number (83.2%), even under the lowest Cd treatment (2.5 mg·L−1). According to the Cd toxicity sensitivity evaluation, DF exerted highest tolerance to Cd stress in root growth while LZ was more sensitive to Cd stress, suggesting LZ as an ideal Cd contaminant biomarker. This study will provide novel insight into the cultivar-dependent response during using wheat seedlings as Cd biomarkers.

Effects of Different Growth Regulators on Agronomic Characters and Grain Yield of Maize Varieties

“…A large number of studies have found that plants are extremely sensitive to cadmium stress at seedling stage, and a series of abnormal changes in growth will occur after cadmium poisoning, for example, the absorption, transportation and metabolism of mineral elements and water will be hindered (Fan et al, 2018), the structure of coleoptile tissue will be necrotic (Wahid and Khaliq, 2005), the structure of mitochondria and enzymes related to respiration may be irreversibly damaged, and soluble sugar content and peroxidase activity in cells will also change significantly (He et al, 2020). It can be seen that cadmium toxicity to plants and plant resistance to cadmium stress is a complex physiological process, which can not be evaluated by a single index.…”

Peran Silikon dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Kadar Klorofil Padi yang Tercekam Kadmium

“…Semakin tinggi kadar Cd, kadar klorofil semakin menurun, dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Pengaruh Cd terhadap penurunan kadar klorofil telah dilaporkan pada berbagai macam spesies tanaman seperti tiga kultirvar gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) yaitu Xihan1 (XH), Longzhong1 (LZ) and Dingfeng16 (DF) (He et al, 2020) dan tanaman rami (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud.) (Tang et al, 2015).…”

Basis for the breeding of low-Cd wheat varieties

“…It is a new and reliable genetic marker that directly reflects the differences of biological individuals at the level of DNA. DNA molecular markers are not affected by the environment and development stage, and a large number of markers can greatly improve the effectiveness and reliability of cross breeding(He et al, 2020;Grant et al, 2008;Pozniak, 2010).…”