Evaluation of the Sensory Irritation Test for the Assessment of Occupational Health Risk

TRPA1 is a major oxidant sensor in murine airway sensory neurons

“…In addition, significant increases in end expiratory pause (EEP; the period of end expiratory flow) were observed (14). Respiratory rate depression and increased EEP are characteristic for nasal irritant responses, as shown by studies examining the effects of chlorine and numerous other sensory irritants (54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59). These changes in respiratory rate and waveform appeared to be induced by upper airway reflexes following activation of nasal trigeminal sensory nerve endings by OCl - (14).…”

Trigeminal Chemosensation

“…Once such levels are established, TLV's can be chosen that avoid untoward symptoms. An animal bioassay based on the respiratory frequency depression of mice exposed to irritants (Alarie, 1966;Alarie, 1973) has been used to extrapolate probable human irritation responses (Alarie, 1981), but the suitability of the test has been questioned (Bos et al, 1992). The strategies described in this chapter to separate olfactory from trigeminal responses provide the means to assess directly in humans the irritative properties of airborne chemicals, at least for those whose health effects of concern at environmentally realistic concentrations rest on sensory irritation.…”

Richtwerte für Dimethylbenzole in der Innenraumluft

“…Nach kurzfristiger Einwirkung wurde eine Verminderung der Atemrate um 50 % (RD 50 ) bei 6460 mg o-Xylol/ m 3 bzw. 5830 mg p-Xylol/m 3 verzeichnet [46]. Für m-Xylol wird ein RD 50 von 6000 mg/m 3 , für ein Gemisch aller drei Isomere (keine näheren Angaben) ein RD 50 von 10700 mg/m 3 angegeben [47].…”