Trigeminal Chemosensation

Cometto‐Muñiz, J. Enrique; Doty, Richard L.

doi:10.1201/9780203911457.ch47

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…As to be expected based on studies of olfactory adaptation to other odours (Cometto-Muñiz and Cain 1995 ), the odour intensity dropped significantly within few minutes after the start of exposure also, when exposed to 0.7 ppm 1,3-DCB, while the odour intensity reported by volunteers when exposed to 1.5 ppm 1,3-DCB vapour dropped only slightly and remained at steady levels. In the afternoon, i.e.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Excretion kinetics of 1,3-dichlorobenzene and its urinary metabolites after controlled airborne exposure in human volunteers

et al. 2023

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The solvent 1,3-dichlorobenzene (1,3-DCB) is formed during thermal decomposition of the initiator 2,4-dichlorobenzoylperoxide in the production of silicone rubber with potential exposure of production workers as shown in previous works. Despite a threshold limit value (MAK value) of 2 ppm in air, there are currently no data about the corresponding internal exposure that would allow for the derivation of a biological limit value. In the present study, we have investigated the absorption of 1,3-DCB and urinary kinetics of its metabolites in 10 human volunteers after controlled inhalative exposure. Due to the strong odour of 1,3-DCB, a subjective evaluation of odour nuisance was also performed. Ten male human volunteers (23–36 yrs.) were exposed 6 h/day to a concentration of 0.7 ppm and 1.5 ppm in the Aachen workplace simulation laboratory (AWSL) with one week between each experiment. In order to investigate potential dermal absorption, the volunteers were exposed to 1.5 ppm wearing a suitable filter mask that prevented inhalative exposure in a third exposure. 1,3-DCB in blood was measured after 3 and 6 h exposure and the urinary metabolites 3,5-dichlorocatechol (3,5-DCC), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and 3,5-dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP) were measured over 24 h after exposure via LC/MS/MS. There were clear dose–response relations for all investigated parameters. The maximum excretion of the metabolites was reached at the end of exposure and corresponded to 5.2 ± 0.7 mg/g crea, 1.5 ± 0.35 mg/g crea and 0.07 ± 0.011 mg/g crea at 0.7 ppm and to 12.0 ± 3 mg/g crea, 3.5 ± 1.1 mg/g crea and 0.17 ± 0.05 mg/g crea at 1.5 ppm for 3,5-DCC, 2,4-DCP and 3,5-DCP, respectively. The use of filter masks decreased the internal exposure for about 85–90%, indicating substantial dermal absorption. Odour perception did not show a dose–response, probably due to fast olfactory adaption. The human study presented here provides an excellent basis for deriving a biological limit value for 1,3-DCB.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Excretion kinetics of 1,3-dichlorobenzene and its urinary metabolites after controlled airborne exposure in human volunteers

et al. 2023

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“…The explanation postulated was that total laryngectomy results in disconnection between the upper and lower airways with breathing taking place through the permanent tracheostome and consequently the natural orthonasal airflow will be considerably decreased or totally missing [7], and as the olfactory acuity is regarded a function of the nasal airflow the reduction in nasal airflow is considered a key contributing factor to impaired olfaction following total laryngectomy [12]. Such a theory is supported by the fact that when nasal airflow, resembling natural breathing and sniffing, is re-established using puffs of air from squeeze bottles [13] or prosthetic devices such as larynx bypass that reconnects the nose and lungs [14], improvement in olfactory acuity is evident.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory function after total laryngectomy

Negm

Mosleh

Fathy

et al. 2016

Egypt J Otolaryngol

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The aim of this study was to assess the olfactory function in patients who underwent total laryngectomy. Patients and methods Olfactory function assessment using the Scandinavian Odor Identification Test was carried out in 32 patients who had undergone total laryngectomy and were being followed up in Kasr El Aini ENT Outpatient Clinic. ResultsThe studied cases included both men (59%) and women (41%). Their ages ranged from 50 to 70 years. The duration between operation and olfactory assessment ranged from 4.5 to 15.5 months. Results showed 75% incidence for anosmia and 25% incidence for hyposmia. Both age and sex did not correlate with either pattern of olfactory loss. The mean duration between operation and olfactory assessment was statistically significantly different between those who developed hyposmia and those who developed anosmia, being longer in the latter group. There was also a linear relation between the number of odors that could be smelled and postoperative duration. The longer the duration, the fewer the number of odors that could be smelled. The study reviewed similar studies and discussed suggested explanations. ConclusionThe study also recommended preoperative olfactory assessment as well as postoperative olfactory rehabilitation for such patients.

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“…The nasal chemosomatosensory system warns us from potentially hazardous chemicals with sensations such as irritation, tickling, burning, warming, cooling, and stinging in the nasal and oral cavity and the cornea. These sensations alert the organism to potentially harmful stimuli (Doty & Cometto-Muniz, 2003). Pregnant women report hypersensitivity to substances that activate primarily the trigeminal system (Broman et al, 2003;as cited in Olofsson et al [2005]).…”

Section: Correlation Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnant women exhibit decreased trigeminal sensitivity

Sabiniewicz,

Pieniak,

Hummel

2024

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionChemosensory function in pregnant women is far from being fully understood due to the lack of data and inconsistencies between the results of self‐reports and objective studies.MethodsIn the present study in pregnant and non‐pregnant women (npregnant = 14, nnon‐pregnant = 13), we measured EEG‐derived electrophysiological response measures supported by psychophysical olfactory and trigeminal tests.ResultsResults indicate that the olfactory event‐related potential amplitudes or latencies of the P1, N1, and P2 components remain unchanged in pregnant women. In accordance with these findings, no difference was observed between pregnant and non‐pregnant women in psychophysical olfactory tests. However, pregnant women displayed a lower degree of sensitivity to trigeminal stimuli compared to non‐pregnant controls, which was also reflected in the electrophysiological responses to trigeminal stimuli.ConclusionCounterintuitive as they may seem, our findings demonstrate a “flattening” of chemosomatosensory responses. Psychological processes occurring during pregnancy, such as changes in socioemotional perception of odors resulting from the diminished stress response, may provide a background to these results. Overall, the present results indicate the absence of major differences between non‐pregnant and pregnant women in terms of measured olfactory function though chemosomatosensory function of the pregnant women appears to be decreased.

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Trigeminal Chemosensation

Cited by 5 publications

References 90 publications

Excretion kinetics of 1,3-dichlorobenzene and its urinary metabolites after controlled airborne exposure in human volunteers

Excretion kinetics of 1,3-dichlorobenzene and its urinary metabolites after controlled airborne exposure in human volunteers

Olfactory function after total laryngectomy

Pregnant women exhibit decreased trigeminal sensitivity

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