Evaluation of the Safety Profile of the ASFV Vaccine Candidate ASFV-G-ΔI177L

Tran, Xuan Hanh; Phuong, Le T.T.; Huy, Nguyễn Quang; Thuy, Do Thanh; Nguyễn, Vân Dung; Quang, Pham Hào; Ngôn, Quách Võ; Rai, Amit; Gay, Cyril G.; Gladue, Douglas P.; Borca, Manuel V.

doi:10.3390/v14050896

Cited by 49 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Outbreaks of the disease have devastating economic impacts on affected regions and threaten swine health and the swine industry worldwide. No commercial vaccine or treatment is currently available, except for a liveattenuated vaccine called NAVET-ASFVAC that was recently (June 2022) licensed for restricted use only in Vietnam [1,2], however currently suspended by Vietnam's Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) due to improper use that resulted in the death of vaccinated pigs. Therefore, the current control measures for ASF primarily rely on quarantine and biosecurity, animal movement restrictions, and the depopulation of infected/exposed animals [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Infection of Domestic Pigs with African Swine Fever Virus Isolated in 2019 in Mongolia

McDowell

Bold

Trujillo

et al. 2022

Viruses

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African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious viral disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), that causes high mortality in domestic swine and wild boar (Sus scrofa). Currently, outbreaks are mitigated through strict quarantine measures and the culling of affected herds, resulting in massive economic losses to the global pork industry. In 2019, an ASFV outbreak was reported in Mongolia, describing a rapidly progressing clinical disease and gross lesions consistent with the acute form of ASF; the virus was identified as a genotype II virus. Due to the limited information on clinical disease and viral dynamics within hosts available from field observations of the Mongolian isolates, we conducted the present study to further evaluate the progression of clinical disease, virulence, and pathology of an ASFV Mongolia/2019 field isolate (ASFV-MNG19), by experimental infection of domestic pigs. Intramuscular inoculation of domestic pigs with ASFV-MNG19 resulted in clinical signs and viremia at 3 days post challenge (DPC). Clinical disease rapidly progressed, resulting in the humane euthanasia of all pigs by 7 DPC. ASFV-MNG19 infected pigs had viremic titers of 108 TCID50/mL by 5 DPC and shed virus in oral secretions late in disease, as determined from oropharyngeal swabs. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed that the ASFV-MNG19 strain used in this study was a genotype II strain highly similar to other regional strains. In conclusion, we demonstrate that ASFV-MNG19 is a virulent genotype II ASFV strain that causes acute ASF in domestic swine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Infection of Domestic Pigs with African Swine Fever Virus Isolated in 2019 in Mongolia

McDowell

Bold

Trujillo

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…The functions of many of these genes are still unidentified or have just been predicted by functional genomics. Understanding the function of these genes has led to the development of effective countermeasures, such as experimental, live, attenuated vaccines [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. The discovery of genes involved in disease production in pigs was an essential initial step in the rational design of live, attenuated ASFV vaccine candidates [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deletion of the ASFV dUTPase Gene E165R from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs

Vuono

Ramírez-Medina

Pruitt

et al. 2022

Viruses

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African swine fever (ASF) is a frequently lethal disease of domestic and wild swine currently producing a pandemic affecting pig production in Eurasia. The causative agent, ASF virus (ASFV) is a structurally complex virus with a large genome harboring over 150 genes. One of them, E165R, encodes for a protein belonging to the dUTPase family. The fine structure of the purified protein has been recently analyzed and its dUTPase activity tested. In addition, it has been reported that a BA71 mutant virus, adapted to growth in Vero cells, lacking the E165R gene presented a drastic decreased replication in swine macrophages, its natural target cell. Herein, we report the development of a recombinant virus, ASFV-G-∆E165R, harboring the deletion of the E165R gene from the genome of the highly virulent field isolate ASFV Georgia 2010 (ASFV-G). Interestingly, ASFV-G-∆E165R replicates in primary swine macrophage cultures as efficiently as the parental virus ASFV-G. In addition, ASFV-G-∆E165R also replicates in experimentally inoculated domestic pigs with equal efficacy as ASFV-G and produced a lethal disease almost indistinguishable from that induced by the parental virus. Therefore, results presented here clearly demonstrated that E165R gene is not essential or important for ASFV replication in swine macrophages nor disease production in domestic pigs.

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“…Results from safety studies showed that ASFV-G-∆I177L remains genetically stable and phenotypically attenuated during a five-passage reversion to virulence study in domestic swine. In addition, large-scale experiments to detect virus shedding and transmission confirmed that even under varying conditions, ASFV-G-∆I177L is a safe live attenuated vaccine [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

African Swine Fever Virus: A Review

Chen

Qiu

et al. 2022

Life

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African swine fever (ASF) is a viral disease with a high fatality rate in both domestic pigs and wild boars. ASF has greatly challenged pig-raising countries and also negatively impacted regional and national trade of pork products. To date, ASF has spread throughout Africa, Europe, and Asia. The development of safe and effective ASF vaccines is urgently required for the control of ASF outbreaks. The ASF virus (ASFV), the causative agent of ASF, has a large genome and a complex structure. The functions of nearly half of its viral genes still remain to be explored. Knowledge on the structure and function of ASFV proteins, the mechanism underlying ASFV infection and immunity, and the identification of major immunogenicity genes will contribute to the development of an ASF vaccine. In this context, this paper reviews the available knowledge on the structure, replication, protein function, virulence genes, immune evasion, inactivation, vaccines, control, and diagnosis of ASFV.

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Evaluation of the Safety Profile of the ASFV Vaccine Candidate ASFV-G-ΔI177L

Cited by 49 publications

References 18 publications

Experimental Infection of Domestic Pigs with African Swine Fever Virus Isolated in 2019 in Mongolia

Experimental Infection of Domestic Pigs with African Swine Fever Virus Isolated in 2019 in Mongolia

Deletion of the ASFV dUTPase Gene E165R from the Genome of Highly Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Georgia 2010 Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs

African Swine Fever Virus: A Review

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