Evaluation of the relationship between insulin resistance and different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Aims: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance (IR) are the most important metabolic abnormalities that affect these patients. This study aimed to investigate the variables related to IR in patients with different PCOS phenotypes.
 Methods: This retrospective study included 389 women diagnosed with PCOS in Bezmialem Hospital between november 2020 and september 2022. Information about patients was collected through their electronic records. PCOS was diagnosed based on the Rotterdam criteria, and four phenotypes of A (oligoovulation+ hyperandrogenism+PCO), B (oligoovulation+hyperandrogenism), C (hyperandrogenism +PCO), and D (oligoovulation+absent PCO) were considered for PCOS. The homeostatic model assessment for ınsulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used to evaluate IR. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to study the difference between the groups.
 Results: The highest value of HOMA-IR was for the phenotype B group, and the lowest value was for the phenotype C group. However, the difference between the groups was not significant (p=0.221). Estradiol and free T4 were significantly higher in the phenotype A group (p≤0.001). Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin, anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), fasting insulin, total testosterone, and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) were significantly higher in the phenotype B group (p≤0.001). Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), leukocyte, basophil, and monocyte were significantly higher in the phenotype C group (p≤0.001). Also, MPV values were significantly higher in the phenotype D group (p≤0.001).
 Conclusion: The results showed that the variables related to IR in phenotypes A and B of PCOS are higher than in other phenotypes.