“…The potential side effect of the ACF, i.e., late anterior crowding, has been previously discussed (van Beek, 1979;Southard et al, 1990;Fuhrmann et al, 2000;Acar et al, 2002). It is possible that late anterior crowding develops during the second and third decades of life, is related to the maximum bite force that reaches its peak at this age.…”