Evaluation of the ratio of collagen type III to collagen type I in periurethral tissues of sexually intact and neutered female dogs

Byron, Julie K.; Graves, Thomas K.; Becker, Michael D.; Cosman, Joseph F.; Long, Erin M.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.71.6.697

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In contrast to the differences found between pre‐ and post‐menopausal women, the ratio of collagen type II to collagen type I in periurethral tissues was similar in sexually intact and neutered female dogs (Byron et al. ). Recently, it was shown that there is a reduced amount of glycosaminoglycan in the tissues of the lower urinary tract which may favour a hyperactive bladder and this, in turn, leads to UI (Ponglowhapan et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Urinary Incontinence in the Bitch: An Update

Hubler

2014

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Contents Urinary incontinence (UI), defined as the involuntary loss of urine during the filling phase of the bladder (Abrams et al. 2002), is a commonly seen problem in veterinary practice. Urinary sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) after spaying is the most common micturition disorder, and its medical treatment is normally successful, even though the underlying pathophysiological mechanism is not fully understood. Hormonal changes inducing structural and functional alterations in the bladder, as well as in the urethra composition, are discussed. To manage incontinent patients successfully, possible underlying abnormalities besides USMI should be ruled out. In the majority of cases, history, physical examination and simple tests including urinalysis and urine bacterial culture lead to a presumed aetiology. If USMI is the most likely cause, then the advantage of further diagnostic tests should be discussed with the owner before starting a trial therapy with alpha‐adrenergic drugs. Potential side effects of this therapy have to be mentioned even though they rarely occur. It is important to thoroughly evaluate the success of the initial treatment. Its failure should lead to further diagnostic testing. Specialized clinical assessments may provide an aetiological diagnosis, and this could serve as a basis for discussing further treatment options. Surgical procedures, which may in rare cases cause irreversible side effects, may be instituted. If incontinence reoccurs after initial treatment was successfully performed, the diagnostic work‐up including urinalysis should always be repeated. As results of urinalysis did not correlate well with results of bacterial culture, a urine culture is recommended (Comer and Ling 1981). Cystocentesis is the preferred method of urine collection (Bartges 2004). Equivocal results of quantitative cultures of urine samples obtained during midstream voiding or by catheterization require repeat collection by cystocentesis (Comer and Ling 1981).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…; Byron et al. ). In contrast to the differences found between pre‐ and post‐menopausal women, the ratio of collagen type II to collagen type I in periurethral tissues was similar in sexually intact and neutered female dogs (Byron et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Urinary Incontinence in the Bitch: An Update

Hubler

2014

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) is the most common cause of acquired urinary incontinence in female neutered dogs. Historically referred to as “hormone‐responsive urinary incontinence,” it is now understood that its origins and pathophysiology are more complex than loss of estrogen and likely involve changes in tissue structure, collagen content, vasculature, and estrogen receptors, as well as alterations in follicle‐stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone concentrations . Conformation of the animal (e.g, pelvic bladder, recessed vulva), tail docking, and the position of the urogenital tract in the pelvis also may play roles in the development of USMI …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence in 163 Neutered Female Dogs: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Relationship of Weight and Age at Neuter to Development of Disease

Byron

Taylor

Phillips

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) is the most common cause of urinary incontinence in neutered bitches and is most common in dogs weighing >20 kg.Objectives: To describe a population of neutered bitches with USMI and investigate their initial presentation, the relationship between weight and age at neuter, and treatment.Animals: One hundred and sixty-three female dogs with USMI (UI) diagnosed between January 2009 and December 2012, and 193 continent neutered control (C) bitches.Methods: Retrospective data were collected from neutered female dogs with USMI and healthy, continent neutered females presented between January 2009 and December 2012.Results: Urinary incontinent dogs weighed more than C dogs (P = .003), and there was no difference in age at neuter. The relationship between weight at diagnosis and age at neuter was found to impact the hazard of USMI. A decrease in the hazard of USMI was found in dogs weighing >25 kg for every month delay of neuter in the first year. The hazard did not change for dogs <15 kg. Median time from neuter to development of incontinence was 3.73 years. Phenylpropanolamine was prescribed in 75.5%, diethylstilbestrol in 21.5%, and both in 3.1% of dogs.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Neutering bitches expected to be >25 kg adult weight later in their first year may decrease the hazard of developing USMI, whereas age at neutering of bitches <25 kg may not impact continence. Heavier dogs have increased risk of USMI, and onset occurs within a few years of neuter.

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“…In human medicine, stress urinary incontinence (SUI) occurs in women pre-and post-menopause and post-neutering urinary incontinence in bitches is suspected to happen through a similar mechanism, in other words, hormone deficiency in both cases (BYRON et al, 2010). In humans, menopause may decrease collagen type I synthesis, causing depletion of the Jesus, Oliveira, Pöppl Post-neutering urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in female dogs tensile strength in the muscles supporting bladder and urethra, and depletion of the resistance of the vagina walls, contributing to incontinence (MOALLI et al, 2004).…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Post-neutering Urinary Incontinencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, another study did not describe difference in the collagen proportion between intact and spayed bitches, although tissue from incontinent bitches was not evaluated. Such research has evaluated only young and middle-aged females, therefore, the absence of deleterious effects of age on collagen fibers may have interfered with results (BYRON et al, 2010). However, there does not seem to be a consensus regarding collagen deposition in bladder due to low estrogenic stimulus in bitches.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Post-neutering Urinary Incontinencementioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Neutering Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence in Female Dogs

2021

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A castração de fêmeas caninas é uma cirurgia de rotina que visa principalmente a prevenção de doenças e o controle populacional da espécie. Ela não é, todavia, desprovida de consequências indesejáveis, e a incontinência urinária pós-castração é uma das mais significativas. Tratamento medicamentoso é preconizado para estes casos, sendo o emprego dos fármacos α-adrenérgicos e estrogênicos os mais frequentemente descritos na literatura. Entretanto, o uso de antidepressivos tricíclicos pode ser eficaz no controle dos sinais clínicos da incontinência. O mecanismo exato que envolve esta afecção ainda não é completamente entendido. Acredita-se que uma deficiência de estrógeno e consequente perda de tônus uretral sejam responsáveis pela ocorrência dos sinais, mas é possível que outros fatores como os níveis de gonadotrofinas e de hormônio liberador de gonadotrofinas estejam implicados na patogenia da incontinência urinária pós-castração.

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Evaluation of the ratio of collagen type III to collagen type I in periurethral tissues of sexually intact and neutered female dogs

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Urinary Incontinence in the Bitch: An Update

Urinary Incontinence in the Bitch: An Update

Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence in 163 Neutered Female Dogs: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Relationship of Weight and Age at Neuter to Development of Disease

Post-Neutering Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence in Female Dogs

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