Evaluation of the quality and comparability of job coding across seven countries in the INTEROCC study

McLean, David; Tongeren, Martie van; Richardson, Lesley; Schlehofer, Brigitte; Villegas, R.; Benke, Geza; Jarus-Hakak, A.; Hours, Martine; Nadon, Louise; Samkange‐Zeeb, Florence; Sleeuwenhoek, Anne; Cardis, Elisabeth

doi:10.1136/oemed-2011-100382.196

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Common coding guidelines were provided to each center in order to ensure homogeneity in the coding. An inter-rater trial was conducted at the start of coding and results were discussed with each center in a further effort to ensure consistency of coding [34]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

INTEROCC case–control study: lack of association between glioma tumors and occupational exposure to selected combustion products, dusts and other chemical agents

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe aim was to investigate possible associations between glioma (an aggressive type of brain cancer) and occupational exposure to selected agents: combustion products (diesel and gasoline exhaust emissions, benzo(a)pyrene), dusts (animal dust, asbestos, crystalline silica, wood dust) and some other chemical agents (formaldehyde, oil mist, sulphur dioxide).MethodsThe INTEROCC study included cases diagnosed with glioma during 2000–2004 in sub-regions of seven countries. Population controls, selected from various sampling frames in different centers, were frequency or individually matched to cases by sex, age and center. Face-to-face interviews with the subject or a proxy respondent were conducted by trained interviewers. Detailed information was collected on socio-economic and lifestyle characteristics, medical history and work history. Occupational exposure to the 10 selected agents was assessed by a job exposure matrix (JEM) which provides estimates of the probability and level of exposure for different occupations. Using a 25% probability of exposure in a given occupation in the JEM as the threshold for considering a worker exposed, the lifetime prevalence of exposure varied from about 1% to about 15% for the different agents. Associations between glioma and each of the 10 agents were estimated by conditional logistic regression, and using three separate exposure indices: i) ever vs. never; ii) lifetime cumulative exposure; iii) total duration of exposure.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 1,800 glioma cases and 5,160 controls. Most odds ratio estimates were close to the null value. None of the ten agents displayed a significantly increased odds ratio nor any indication of dose–response relationships with cumulative exposure or with duration of exposure.ConclusionThus, there was no evidence that these exposures influence risk of glioma.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

INTEROCC case–control study: lack of association between glioma tumors and occupational exposure to selected combustion products, dusts and other chemical agents

et al. 2013

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“…Inter-rater trials were carried out to determine the reliability of the coding between different countries, which showed that the reliability was moderately increased following an initial coding trial that included a discussion of results (McLean et al, 2011). Military work was coded, when possible, to the appropriate ISCO68 occupation code.…”

Section: Coding Of Occupational Historiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Occupational Exposure to Chemicals in an International Epidemiological Study of Brain Tumours

Tongeren

Kincl

Richardson

et al. 2013

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene

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(1960-1974 and 1975-1984). Benzene exposure estimates in early periods were modified upwards. The internal consistency of hydrocarbon exposures and exposures to engine exhaust fumes was improved. Finally, exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and benzo(a)pyrene was modified to include the contribution from second-hand smoke. The crosswalk ensured that the FInJEM exposure estimates could be applied to the InTErOCC study subjects. The modifications generally resulted in an increased prevalence of exposure to chemical agents. This increased prevalence of exposure was not restricted to the lowest categories of cumulative exposure, but was seen across all levels for some agents. Although this work has produced a JEM with important improvements compared to FInJEM, further improvements are possible with the expansion of agents and additional external data.

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“…Common coding guidelines were provided to each center in order to foster homogeneous coding practices. An inter-rater trial was conducted at the start of coding and results were discussed with each center in a further effort to ensure consistency of coding [ 33 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime occupational exposure to metals and welding fumes, and risk of glioma: a 7-country population-based case–control study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundBrain tumor etiology is poorly understood. Based on their ability to pass through the blood–brain barrier, it has been hypothesized that exposure to metals may increase the risk of brain cancer. Results from the few epidemiological studies on this issue are limited and inconsistent.MethodsWe investigated the relationship between glioma risk and occupational exposure to five metals - lead, cadmium, nickel, chromium and iron- as well as to welding fumes, using data from the seven-country INTEROCC study. A total of 1800 incident glioma cases and 5160 controls aged 30–69 years were included in the analysis. Lifetime occupational exposure to the agents was assessed using the INTEROCC JEM, a modified version of the Finnish job exposure matrix FINJEM.ResultsIn general, cases had a slightly higher prevalence of exposure to the various metals and welding fumes than did controls, with the prevalence among ever exposed ranging between 1.7 and 2.2% for cadmium to 10.2 and 13.6% for iron among controls and cases, respectively. However, in multivariable logistic regression analyses, there was no association between ever exposure to any of the agents and risk of glioma with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) ranging from 0.8 (0.7–1.0) for lead to 1.1 (0.7–1.6) for cadmium. Results were consistent across models considering cumulative exposure or duration, as well as in all sensitivity analyses conducted.ConclusionsFindings from this large-scale international study provide no evidence for an association between occupational exposure to any of the metals under scrutiny or welding fumes, and risk of glioma.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12940-017-0300-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Evaluation of the quality and comparability of job coding across seven countries in the INTEROCC study

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

INTEROCC case–control study: lack of association between glioma tumors and occupational exposure to selected combustion products, dusts and other chemical agents

INTEROCC case–control study: lack of association between glioma tumors and occupational exposure to selected combustion products, dusts and other chemical agents

Assessing Occupational Exposure to Chemicals in an International Epidemiological Study of Brain Tumours

Lifetime occupational exposure to metals and welding fumes, and risk of glioma: a 7-country population-based case–control study

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