Evaluation of the Prediction and Durability on the Chloride Penetration in Cementitious Materials with Blast Furnace Slag as Cement Addition

Abstract

Blast furnace slag (BFS) is a mortar additive in which the utilization of varied curing conditions and the basicity of BFS determine the fineness of the resulting mortar and, thereby, its salt prevention properties. This study evaluates and compares the salt-prevention properties of mortar prepared by either steam curing or water curing. The physical properties, for example, the BFS fineness, revealed the factors significantly affected by basicity that influence the salt-preventive properties of mortar in the specimens examined, such as the lead time and diffusion coefficient. Furthermore, these factors were also significantly affected by differences in curing conditions and other physical properties. However, few studies have examined its use in reducing chloride ion permeability as the main factor of corrosion reactions. Thus, this study evaluates specific surface, water/binder ratio (W/B), and curing conditions on the chloride penetration in cementitious materials with blast furnace slag as cement addition in terms of delaying chloride ion penetration, which affects corrosion reactions. Results of the study are intended to guide development of products for use in the precast concrete industry, toward extending the life of concrete structures, especially reinforced concrete structures in marine environments. In addition, the resulting durability measurements from the experiment conducted are illustrated. This study indicates that differences in Blaine size properties significantly influence water curing. Furthermore, results reveal the effects of combining BFS with various Blaine values and ratio-affecting properties on mortar. In conclusion, concrete materials that decrease durability against chloride attack and improve mechanical properties for precast manufacturer industrial applications are successfully developed in this study. In addition, the use of water-curing conditions, high Blaine value, high cement replacement ratio, and W/B tend to improve the general mechanical property performance and durability against chloride ion attack.

Nano-Modified Vibrocentrifuged Concrete with Granulated Blast Slag: The Relationship between Mechanical Properties and Micro-Structural Analysis

“…The issue of the durability of concretes and mortars based on slag has also received much attention [26,30,[32][33][34][35][36]. At the same time, these characteristics of solutions with the addition of DHS as frost resistance [30] and resistance to chlorides [34], sulfates [33], and various acids [26,32] were studied.…”

“…The issue of the durability of concretes and mortars based on slag has also received much attention [26,30,[32][33][34][35][36]. At the same time, these characteristics of solutions with the addition of DHS as frost resistance [30] and resistance to chlorides [34], sulfates [33], and various acids [26,32] were studied. Moreover, the authors of many works consider the joint effect of GBFS and other additives (ash, limestone, gypsum, nanosilica) on the formation of the micro-and macrostructure of materials based on them and their physical and mechanical characteristics [10,28,30,[35][36][37][38].…”

Analysis of Experience in the Use of Micro- and Nanoadditives from Silicon Production Waste in Concrete Technologies

“…Microsilica, a by-product of silicon or ferrosilicon production, presents as amorphous silica (SiO 2 ) in spherical particle form [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Widely utilized within the construction industry, microsilica serves as a modifying component in concrete production, leveraging its chemical composition and physical attributes as a highly active pozzolan [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The extensive introduction of various highly effective chemical and mineral additives has led to significant advancements in modern concrete technology.…”

“…Cement usage surpasses 4000 million tons annually and is projected to reach approximately 6000 million tons by 2060 [12,13], greatly contributing to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions [13][14][15]. To address this, agricultural and industrial wastes, such as rice husk ash (RHA), sugarcane bagasse ash, and olive oil ash, are utilized to partially substitute OPC in the production of green concrete [16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Concrete Strength Prediction Using Different Machine Learning Processes: Effect of Slag, Fly Ash and Superplasticizer

“…The strength at 28 days may be smaller than the 28-day strength of OPC concrete when the GGBFS content is greater than 50% [ 10 ]. Based on the principle that the higher the specific surface area, the better the hydration process for cementitious materials, Subpaasa Prang et al demonstrated that increasing the Blaine value of BFS boosts the concrete’s compressive strength [ 17 ]. As a result, while producing BFSC, more finely grinding is among the primary techniques to effectively improve the resulting concrete’s strength [ 18 ].…”