Evaluation of the Precision of Magnetic Resonance Phase Velocity Mapping for Blood Flow Measurements

Abstract

Evaluating the in vivo accuracy of magnetic resonance phase velocity mapping (PVM) is not straightforward because of the absence of a validated clinical flow quantification

Comparison of myocardial velocities obtained with magnetic resonance phase velocity mapping and tissue doppler imaging in normal subjects and patients with left ventricular dyssynchrony

“…However, the validity of TDI for measuring velocity and time to peak velocity in patients with conduction system disease has gained wide acceptance without validation by other velocity imaging techniques. MR-PVM has been shown to accurately and reproducibly measure blood velocity in imaging phantoms (errors Ͻ 1.6% from true) (20,30,31). Coronary flow velocity by Doppler flow wire correlates well with MR measurements of blood velocity (r ϭ 0.913), and cine MR and MR-PVM agree in the determination of regurgitant fraction and volume in patients with mitral regurgitation (31).…”

Coronary artery flow measurement using navigator echo gated phase contrast magnetic resonance velocity mapping at 3.0 T

“…Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) is a technique which has been extensively used at 1.5 Tesla to determine blood velocity or flow within vessels such as the aorta, carotid arteries, and renal arteries (Bakker et al, 1995;Chatzimavroudis et al, 2001;Evans et al, 1993;Hoogeveen et al, 1998;Pelc et al, 1991;Rebergen et al, 1993). Few studies, however, have used PC-MRI to measure coronary flow due to; 1) the large degree of cardiac motion of the vessels, 2) the large amount and respiratory motion of the vessels, and 3) the small diameter of the vessels.…”

Noninvasive quantification of fluid mechanical energy losses in the total cavopulmonary connection with magnetic resonance phase velocity mapping

“…In contrast to the mechanical energy balance approach, the calculation of the VD does not require any pressure data; only the three spatial components of the fluid velocity vector are necessary. Magnetic resonance (MR) phase velocity mapping (PVM) [22] is currently the only established clinical technique to measure all three spatial components of the velocity vector in every volume element of an imaging slice, showing high in vitro and in vivo accuracy and precision [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. The advantage of MR PVM to measure the three-directional blood velocity has enabled the generation of velocity vector maps in vitro and in vivo, showing (qualitatively) the fluid mechanical superiority of the TCPC over other connections and the importance of the presence of caval offset and flaring at the connection site [14,15,[33][34][35][36].…”