Evaluation of the Phytochemical and Mineral Characteristics of Some Selected Sapotaceae Plants

Abstract

Aims: To study the spectral and thermal characteristics, and the oil, starch, polyphenol and mineral contents of seeds and leaves from three Sapotaceae species, provided that trees and shrubs of this family are an important source of nutritional and functional products.
 Methodology: Leaves and seeds from three Sapotaceae plants, namely Moa tree (Madhuca indica J. F. Gmel.), Chico sapote (Manilkara zapota (Linn.) van Royen) and Spanish cherry (Mimusops elengi Linn.), were collected in the Raipur area of Chhattisgarh, India. Their physicochemical characterization (including oil, polyphenol, starch and mineral contents; functional groups; and thermal degradation patterns) was carried out by using various techniques, viz. solvent extraction, spectrophotometry, enzymatic digestion, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies, thermogravimetric/derivative thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively.
 Results: The three Sapotaceae seeds under study were found to contain polyphenol, mineral, starch and oil contents in the 1850–23180 mg/kg, 11390–19385 mg/kg, 6.7–9.1% and 9.8-54.1% range, respectively. Their leaves and seed coats featured total phenolic contents in the 24260–28600 mg/kg and 7810–23060 mg/kg range, respectively, and mineral contents in the 8823–27462 mg/kg and 3619–15884 mg/kg range, respectively. The functional groups of the phytochemicals, studied by FTIR, were assigned. Their thermal decomposition patterns, which involved loss of water and volatile organic compounds, proteins, oil and starch/cellulose, were also described.
 Conclusion: The Sapotaceae leaves, seed coat, kernel and cake are enriched with very high contents of starch, proteins, polyphenols and minerals, suggesting their possible valorization in human food, animal feeding and as herbal medicines.

Nutritional, Spectral and Thermal Characteristic of Lamiaceae Seeds

“…Bands near 921-916 cm −1 probably correspond to α-glycosidic linkage. The bands at 1710 cm are in good agreement with those exhibited in Sapotaceae for their kernel and coat fractions, respectively [27]. The absence of the bands at 1015 cm -1 and ~878 cm -1 (apart from that of 795 cm -1 ) is also a common feature with the Asteraceae (unpublished results).…”

Modelling the Potential Distributions of Sawo Kecik (Manilkara Kauki (L.)) Dubard Using Maxent to Support Conservations of Historical and Cultural Vegetations in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province

“…This study employed MaxEnt analysis using MaxEnt packages within R platform version 3.6.3 (Mao et al, 2022) to generate predicted suitability maps of M. kauki across DIY. Several R packages required to develop the suitability maps include library ("sp"), library ("dismo") (Khan et al, 2022), library ("maptools"), library ("rgdal") (Bivand et al, 2022), and library ("raster") (Lemenkova et al, 2020). The inputs for MaxEnt included 19 environmental variables (Bio 1-Bio 19).Within the model, the contribution and impact of each environmental variable on the M. kauki habitat suitability model were determined using a Jackknife test (Promnikorn et al, 2019), and the receiving operating curve (AUC) area was used to evaluate the performance model.…”

Hyperaccumulation of lead using Agrostis tenuis

“…FTIR spectra of the shoot section of AT, Pb-CU-AT and Pb-EN-AT with inset of infrared band assignments (Alonso- Simón et al, 2011;Traoré, Kaal and Martínez Cortizas, 2018;Chakradhari et al, 2019)…”