Evaluation of the physiological state of feijoa (Feijoa sellowiana Berg) in subtropical Russia

Abstract

The article presents the results of research examining varietal diversity with respect the activity of oxidative enzymes (EC 1.11.1.6) and the dry matter and Proline accumulation of leaves under optimal and stressful conditions. For feijoa, the most stressful period in the subtropics of Russia, with respect to hydrothermal conditions, occurs between July and September. Studies have shown that the highest degree of enzymatic activity is observed in August in the ‘Superba’ variety of feijoa, which was used as a control in this study, and the lowest level of activity was observed in the 'Sentjabrskaja' variety. The long-term water deficit experienced in September coincides with fruiting in feijoa. This causes a change in catalase activity in leaves, which is maintained until it is inhibited. Form ShV-1 of feijoa is characterised by its metabolic stability. In fact, the activity of oxidative enzymes in leaves of the variety is stable. Dry matter content per unit area increases as the leaf grows. During the drought period, which coincides with active fruiting, the leaves of the ‘Dachnaja' variety and the ShV-1 form accumulate significantly less dry matter than other varieties. In the ‘Dagomysskaja' variety, the intensity of organic matter consumption via respiration and outflow exceeds visible photosynthesis, which is expressed as a negative value (average = 1.96 g.dm-2 h). To fully characterise the physiological state of feijoa plants under the influence of abiotic factors and catalase activity in the humid subtropics of Russia, indicators of dry matter accumulation and true photosynthesis intensity can be used.

Influence of some environmental factors on the feijoa (Acca sellowiana [Berg] Burret): A review

“…These authors registered varieties such as 'Sentiabraskaja' that, during water stress, accumulated a higher leaf DM than others, and the dry season coincides with the time of fruiting. Likewise, Omarova et al (2020) observe that, in periods of high thermohydric stress, the studied varieties increase the content of the osmoprotector proline in leaves between 1.5 and 2.8 times. These authors also stated that the resistance of plants to adverse environmental factors is highly determined by the activation of the enzymatic system of antioxidants that can inhibit the damaging effect of oxidative stress.…”

“…Water stress can limit the accumulation of dry matter (DM) in feijoa leaves. Therefore, Omarova et al (2020) recommend selecting varieties that are more resistant to water deficiency and that do not decrease their concentration of leaf DM under the conditions of water stress. These authors registered varieties such as 'Sentiabraskaja' that, during water stress, accumulated a higher leaf DM than others, and the dry season coincides with the time of fruiting.…”

“…The species was previously considered to be an ornamental plant (Pachón & Quintero, 1992). In highly controlled cultivation, the feijoa grows erectly with a central leader (Omarova et al, 2020), forming between three and four levels of horizontal bent laterals (Quintero, 2012). The plant has elliptical to oval shaped leaves, bright green on the upper side and 6×4 cm whitish color on the underside (Fischer, 2003).…”

Specifics of harvesting, processing and changes occurring in the fruits of feijoa (Acca sellowiana О. Berg) during storage

“…Также плоды широко используют в кондитерской промышленности для начинки конфет. Высоко ценится эфирное масло, полученное из фейхоа (содержащее метилбензоат), которому нет равного по приятности запаха [10,17]. Ввиду того, что ягоды фейхоа скоропортящийся продукт, необходимо уделять особое внимание мероприятиям по послеуборочной доработке плодов, создавая условия для хранения, при которых плоды долго сохраняют свой внешний вид, вкус, цвет, аромат, консистенцию мякоти и другие показатели.…”

Fruit quality indicators of domestic feijoa cultivars (Feijoa sellowiana Berg): ontogenetic features and factors affecting the accumulation of components

“…Качество плодов зависит от места произрастания [30,32]. По немногочисленным литературным источникам об этом трудно судить, но тем не менее можно сказать, что плоды из гг.…”