Evaluation of the performance of a human D-dimer test in dogs with neoplasia

Abstract

The goal of this study was to evaluate the suitability of a commercially available D-dimer assay as a diagnostic tool for testing dogs. This assay is an immunoturbidimetric diagnostic test, capable of determining the D-dimer levels in human plasma by using 2B9 monoclonal antibody. Plasma samples of clinically healthy (n = 20) and tumour-bearing (n = 50) dogs were measured. The tumours were grouped on the basis of histological type and aggressiveness, and then the measured D-dimer concentrations of these groups were compared to those of the control group. The differences were analysed statistically. For benign tumours, we did not find alterations in the D-dimer levels. However, in the case of malignant tumours (lymphoma, sarcoma, and carcinoma) and in the presence of metastases, significantly elevated D-dimer levels were measured. The assay proved to be suitable for measuring the D-dimer levels in plasma samples of dogs. The calculated reference range for dogs was confirmed to be between 0.06 and 0.69 µg/mL fibrinogen equivalent unit.

Paired Analysis of D-Dimer and Its Correlated Hemostatic Parameters in 30 Dogs with Neoplasms after Tumorectomy

“…Previous studies have defined an approximate range of 0.1–0.5 µg/mL as reference intervals of D-dimer in normal dogs [ 23 , 38 ], which is highly similar to our findings. The current study revealed that the D-dimer concentration of 30 healthy dogs was 0.1 µg/mL.…”

“…We further allocated all the dogs with tumors into three groups to evaluate whether the origin of the tumors would have an impact on the D-dimer levels. As shown in Figure 2 b, there was no significant difference among the three groups, which is relatively in line with a previous study reporting that D-dimer levels were highly similar among connective-, epithelial-, lymphatic-, and exocrine-type tumors [ 23 ]. Thus, we speculated that the origins of the tumors might play a minor role in D-dimer formation.…”

“…Previous studies have reported the clinical utility of D-dimer in veterinary medicine. D-dimer is significantly elevated in dogs with tumors, with high values in dogs suffering from lymphoma and carcinoma [ 23 ]. Dogs with malignant tumors [ 21 , 23 ] and distant metastasis [ 8 , 23 ] exhibited elevated D-dimer levels.…”

“…D-dimer is significantly elevated in dogs with tumors, with high values in dogs suffering from lymphoma and carcinoma [ 23 ]. Dogs with malignant tumors [ 21 , 23 ] and distant metastasis [ 8 , 23 ] exhibited elevated D-dimer levels. Boyé et al [ 22 ] demonstrated that plasma D-dimer level could serve as a predictor of prognosis in dogs with lymphoma.…”

Dímero-D en perros con cáncer relacionado al grado, tipo de tumor y conteo plaquetario

“…Reportes en humanos han informado que, existe una correlación entre la agresividad del tumor y el aumento de DD y sugieren su posible uso como marcador de pronóstico [17]. Por lo tanto, su elevación se asocia de forma única con enfermedades graves que incluyen principalmente tromboembolismo, sepsis y/o cáncer [15].…”