The monograph presents the mechanisms influencing the development of innovations in industrial business organizations in the Republic of Belarus emphasizing the stimulation of the innovative development of organizations from the real sector of the economy, research and education sector. The study makes analyses of the factors that stimulate innovation during the pandemic and post-pandemic period of socio-economic development of national systems through a comparative analysis of the development of research and innovation activities of countries on the example of the Republic of Belarus and its main partners. It proposes a system for assessing the scientific and innovative potential of national systems and a new cooperation model based on the principles of smart specialization and interpreting the concept of the model of innovation development.