Evaluation of the minimum age for consent to mental health treatment with the minimum age of criminal responsibility in children and adolescents: a global comparison

Noroozi, Majid; Singh, Ilina; Fazel, Mina

doi:10.1136/ebmental-2018-300032

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The age at which minors can be punished is controversial in different political countries ( O’Brien and Fitz-Gibbon, 2017 ; Noroozi et al, 2018 ; Brown and Charles, 2019 ; Pillay, 2019 ; Schmidt et al, 2020 ). We employed a quantitative analysis of research methods, focusing on whether age can be used as a basis for measuring criminal responsibility, while also paying attention to the minimum age of criminal responsibility for violent crimes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Challenges in the Measurement of Constructs Underlying Criminal Responsibility in Children and Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Shang

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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At present, many countries have lowered the minimum age of criminal responsibility to deal with the trend of juvenile crime. In practical terms, whether countries advocate for lowering the age of criminal responsibility along with early puberty, or regulating the minimum age of juvenile criminal responsibility through their policies, their deep-rooted hypothesis is that age is tied to adolescents’ psychological growth, and, with the rise in age, the capacity for dialectical thinking, self-control, and empathy gradually improves. With this study, we aimed to test whether this hypothesis is valid. The participants were 3,208 students from junior high school, senior high school, and freshman in the S province of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). We subjected the gathered materials to independent-samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), linear regression analysis, and Bonferroni post hoc test. The influence of the age variable upon dialectical thinking, self-control, and empathy was significant (p = 0.002, p = 0.000, p = 0.072), but only empathy was positively correlated with age variable (B = 0.032); dialectical thinking ability (B = −0.057), and self-control ability (B = −0.212) were negatively correlated with the age variable. Bonferroni post hoc test confirmed these findings. Therefore, we concluded the following: (1) Juvenile criminal responsibility, based on the capacity for dialectical thinking, self-control, and empathy, is not positively correlated with age. (2) Age is not the only basis on which to judge a juvenile’s criminal responsibility. (3) More research that directly links age differences in brain structure and function to age differences in legally relevant capacities and capabilities(e.g., dialectical thinking, self-control, and empathy) is needed. (4) Political countries should appropriately raise the minimum age of criminal responsibility and adopt the doli incapax principle in the judicial process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Challenges in the Measurement of Constructs Underlying Criminal Responsibility in Children and Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Shang

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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“…In the clinic, healthcare professionals must include young people in discussions about LOAD risk in the family and the optimal time of testing when parents request predictive genetic testing of children. These initiatives are important, especially given that young people's capabilities and vulnerabilities are variable and not necessarily tied to (often arguably arbitrary) age thresholds for consent ( Noroozi et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young people's moral attitudes and motivations towards direct-to-consumer genetic testing for inherited risk of Alzheimer disease

Pavarini

Hamdi

Lorimer

et al. 2021

European Journal of Medical Genetics

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Purpose Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved sales of genetic tests for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) risk, a heated debate has arisen over whether these tests should indeed be offered online and direct-to-consumer (DTC). As this debate progresses, it is important to understand the ethical perspectives and motivations of young people, who are a key target group for DTC services. Methods Thirty-one grandchildren of people with LOAD, aged 16–26, were interviewed about their moral attitudes and motivations with regards to DTC genetic testing for LOAD. Results Even though most participants claimed that people should have the right to access these services, they also expressed concerns about potential distress in response to learning about risk, particularly for minors. About a third were interested in testing, primarily to gain self-knowledge regarding one's health; however, face-to-face services were vastly preferred over the online option. Conclusion While DTC genetic companies often market their services as a “fun consumer product”, DTC testing for LOAD was largely understood as a serious health screening procedure and a vulnerable moment in the lives of young people in Alzheimer's families. This points to the importance of appropriate standards of information and support to young people pre- and post-testing.

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“…Parents may offer an important perspective on help-seeking because they are a key source of social support for adolescents and can be instrumental in facilitating adolescents to access supports. This is particularly so in jurisdictions in which adolescents may not access mental health services without parental consent (Noroozi, Singh, & Fazel, 2018), such as Ireland, where the present study was conducted. This study therefore aimed to obtain the perspective of at least one individual from families who have been through the process of help-seeking and attended mental health services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘It’s Nothing Serious I Suppose’ Family Help-Seeking for Adolescent Social Anxiety

Donagh

Hennessy

2022

Journal of Family Issues

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This article investigates how families seek professional supports for adolescent social anxiety. Many adolescents meet diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder but do not access professional mental health supports. Access to timely interventions is important because social anxiety has a range of developmental implications and typically persists into adulthood when untreated. Twelve adolescents (aged 14 to 18) who had attended mental health services for support with social anxiety and 13 mothers of such adolescents participated in semi-structured interviews which were analysed thematically. Findings indicated that mothers play an important role in noticing difficulties and initiating help-seeking for their children, although adolescents and their mothers can initially view anxiety as ‘just shyness’ and often seek help for a range of difficulties, including unhappiness, rather than anxiety specifically. Furthermore, many adolescents described experiencing help-seeking as embarrassing or shameful. Implications for facilitating families to access professional supports for adolescents are discussed.

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Evaluation of the minimum age for consent to mental health treatment with the minimum age of criminal responsibility in children and adolescents: a global comparison

Abstract: backgroundIn many countries, a young person who seeks medical care is not authorised to consent to their own assessment and treatment, yet the same child can be tried for a criminal offence.

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Psychometric Challenges in the Measurement of Constructs Underlying Criminal Responsibility in Children and Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Psychometric Challenges in the Measurement of Constructs Underlying Criminal Responsibility in Children and Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Young people's moral attitudes and motivations towards direct-to-consumer genetic testing for inherited risk of Alzheimer disease

‘It’s Nothing Serious I Suppose’ Family Help-Seeking for Adolescent Social Anxiety

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