Evaluation of the influence of mirabilite on the absorption and pharmacokinetics of the ingredients in Dahuang‐mudan decoction by a validated UPLC/QTOF–MS/MS method

Abstract

Dahuang-mudan decoction (DMD) has been widely used for disease treatment in China for 1700 years. The formula consists of Rhubarb, moutan bark, Prunus persica, wax gourd kernel and mirabilite, which have been well studied by multidisciplinary approaches. However, the role of the mineral mirabilite in DMD is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of mirabilite on the absorption and pharmacokinetics of the ingredients in DMD. The constituents were identified in DMD extract and the plasma of mirabilite-DMD (MDMD, 50 g kg −1 ) treated rats and nonmirabilite-DMD (NMDMD, 50 g kg −1 ) treated rats. The plasma was also used to investigate the effects of mirabilite on the pharmacokinetics of active ingredients in DMD using a new validated UPLC-MS/MS method. The results showed that 63 compounds were identified in the extract of DMD, 27 and 22 of which were found in the plasmas of MDMD-and NMDMD-treated rats, respectively. Furthermore, the results of a pharmacokinetic study suggested that mirabilite influenced the absorption of the five constituents by decreasing the absorption of emodin and rhein while increasing the absorption of aloe-emodin, paeoniflorin and amygdalin; the pharmacokinetic parameters, including the T max , C max , AUC 0-t , MRT 0-t , CLz and t 1/2 of five constituents, significantly changed in MDMD-treated rats compared with the NMDMD. The method validation for selectivity, precision, accuracy, matrix effect, recovery and stability met the acceptance criteria. These findings uncover the roles of mirabilite in DMD and demonstrate the application of scientific principles to the study of DMD in human health care.

Pharmacological Mechanism of Pingxiao Formula against Colorectal Cancer

“… Last but not least, the multiple components might raise a concern about the absorption and bioavailability of the PX formula. Lines of evidence have demonstrated that mirabilite could alter the pharmacokinetic behaviors of herb components by orchestrating the absorption of each compound [ 56 ]. Consistently, RNA sequencing corroborated that the PX formula modulated the cytochrome P450 system, the key enzyme responsible for drug metabolism [ 57 ].…”

Evaluation of the effect of Dahuang–Mudan decoction on TNBS‐induced colitis using UPLC–QTOF/MS‐based metabolomic analysis

“…Rhubarb (12 g), cortex moutan (9 g), semen persicae (12 g), wax gourd kernel (30 g) and mirabilite (9 g) were weighed and thoroughly mixed in water to prepare the DMD according to the methods described in our previous study (Nong et al, 2019). The final concentration of the prepared DMD was 1.5 g/ml (crude drugs/decoction).…”

“…Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has existed for a thousand years and has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases (Layne & Ferro, 2017). Dahuang–Mudan decoction (DMD), a well‐known formulation composed of rhubarb, moutan bark, Prunus persica , wax gourd kernel and mirabilite, is described in the Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber (Nong et al, 2019). DMD has been widely used to treat intestinal carbuncle, which is associated with various gastrointestinal diseases including IBD, acute appendicitis and adhesive intestinal obstruction (Huang & Wang, 2008; Zhang et al, 2013).…”

Pharmacokinetics of Anthraquinones from Medicinal Plants

“…Pharmacological effects on appendicitis, inflammatory bowel disease, pelvic inflammatory disease and acute pancreatitis have been found with the identification of active compounds, emodin, aloe-emodin, rhein, paeoniflorin and amygdalin. Nong et al reported that Natrii Sulfas decreases the C max and AUC of emodin and rhein while increasing the absorption of aloe-emodin, indicating novel insight into the role of Natrii Sulfas in DMD in addition to a stool softener treatment of archenteric inflammatory disease (Zhang Y. X. et al, 2013;Nong et al, 2019).…”

“…For the formula Dahuang-mudan decoction (DMD), in which Rhei Radix et Rhizoma is combined with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, and Natrii Sulfas, Zhang reported that the prolonged elimination of aloe-emodin and emodin, indicating a lower toxicity in this formula. The underlying mechanisms may be due to competitive inhibition between the chemical compounds in DMD and need to be further investigated (Nong et al, 2019). An eight-herb formula Niu-Huang-Jie-Du tablets (NHJDT), including Bovis Calculus (Niuhuang), Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Realgar (As 2 S 2 , Xionghuang), Gypsum Fibrosum (CaSO 4 •2H 2 O, Shigao), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), and Borneolum Syntheticum (D-borneoland, Bingpian), exerts heat-clearance and detoxicification in Chinese medicine.…”