Evaluation of the glycemic indices of three commonly eaten mixed meals in Okada, Edo State

Abstract

People do not generally eat single or individual meals; rather they eat mixed meals, consisting of two or more individual meals. These mixed meals usually have glycemic indices which differ from that of the individual food type. This study was aimed at evaluating the glycemic indices of three commonly consumed mixed meals eaten in Okada; rice and beans (test food 1), rice and plantain (test food 2), beans and plantain (test food 3). Two hundred and forty healthy subjects aged between 18 and 30 participated in this study. They were randomized into three groups of eighty persons each, and fed with the standard food (50 g glucose) on day one and one of the test foods on day two, after an overnight fast. Blood samples were taken at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after the food had been eaten. The results showed that the Glycemic Index (GI) values for the test foods were high: 86.60 (test food 1), 89.74 (test food 2), 86.93(test food 3). The incremental increase in blood glucose was monitored and calculated for each food and when compared with that of the standard food (glucose), there was significant differences (p < .036) for test food 1 and (p < .068) for test food 3; both at 30 min. At 120 min, no significant differences in blood glucose levels were observed (p > .05). The results from this study indicated that the GI of the mixed meals was affected by the constituent nutrient and the response is also affected by the proportion of each nutrient. Our findings show that the selected test foods (mixed meals) consumed in Okada have high GI values.

Foods Consumed with Rice that Elicit a Reduction in Glucose Response among Healthy Individuals

“…12 Ripe bean seeds have positive benefits regarding lowering the blood glucose response. 13 A similar study also found that ripe plantain has similar beneficial effects. 13 Another study looked at the combination of rice with lentils and showed a positive effect on the postprandial GR in healthy individuals.…”

“…13 A similar study also found that ripe plantain has similar beneficial effects. 13 Another study looked at the combination of rice with lentils and showed a positive effect on the postprandial GR in healthy individuals. 14 Thus, based on these current evidences, co-ingestion of legumes can help to attenuate postprandial GR.…”

Evaluation of Various Starchy Foods: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Chemical Properties Affecting the Glycemic Index Values Based on In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments

“…The remaining studies were used for the selection of low-GI carbohydrate-based foods [ 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. All studies reported changes in glycemic index, four studies [ 7 , 17 , 18 , 19 ] reported changes in amylose content to GI, ten studies [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] reported changes in resistant starch (RS) content to GI, fifteen studies reported a change in dietary fibre content to GI, fifteen studies reported a change in fat content to GI, fifteen studies reported a change in protein content to GI, twelve studies reported a change in phenol content to GI, ten studies reported a change in flavonoid content to GI, five studies reported a change in cereal type to GI, six studies reported a change in tuber type to GI, two studies reported a change in fruit type to GI, and four studies reported a change in legume type to GI. Detailed characteristics of eligible studies are presented in Table 2 and Table 3 .…”

“…Evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was reported to be inconsistent [ 4 , 6 , 7 ], while no report was found using systematic review [ 8 ] or meta-analysis [ 9 ]. Furthermore, five recent trials [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ] with adequate power have been published and involved new evidence.…”

Optimasi sifat organoleptik, indeks, dan beban glikemik formula enteral berbasis tepung tempe dan tepung bengkuang

“…Indeks glikemik dan beban glikemik. Uji indeks glikemik dilakukan menggunakan desain rancangan one shot case study yaitu memberikan perlakuan secara sengaja kepada subjek berupa makanan acuan (air gula yang mengandung 25 gram available carbohydrates) dan formula enteral tepung tempe dan bengkuang kemudian mengukur glukosa darah setelah perlakuan [29,30]. Sehari sebelum perlakuan, subjek diharuskan berpuasa (kecuali air putih) selama 10 jam mulai pukul 22.00 sampai 08.00 pagi berikutnya.…”