Evaluation of the efficacy of Acalypha wilkesiana leaves in managing cardiovascular disease risk factors in rabbits exposed to salt-loaded diets

Omage, Kingsley; Azeke, Marshall Arebojie; Omage, Sylvia Oghogho

doi:10.1186/s40816-018-0060-4

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…) 2-Hexenal0.56Attractant Diptera (Milichiidae, Chloropidae and Tachinidae, Tephritidae, Phoridae, Psilidae); found mainly in Cactaceae, Fabaceae, Lauraceae, Cupressaceae Pheromones, allomones and kairomones of other insects (Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera), arachnids (Astigmata) and Vertebrata (Canidae, Iguanidae) Cholest-4-en-3-one6.08Pheromone Vertebrata (Canidae, Iguanidea) Hexadecen-1-ol, trans-9-4.13Pheromone Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera ( Bombus sp. ) Dodecanoic acid, 1-methylethyl ester3.08Allomone and pheromone Coleoptera, pheromone Hymenoptera Tetradecane2.46Pheromone and allomone Hymenoptera, Heteroptera, Coleoptera, Astigmata Dodecane1.83Pheromone and allomone Hymenoptera, Coleoptera; found in Araceae and Orchidaceae Properties and occurrence of other constituents (in context of fly pollination or medical significance) Tridecanol, 2-ethyl-2-methyl-5.56Noted in Acalypha wilkesiana (Euphorbiaceae) leaves, may be useful in the management of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (Omage et al 2018) Benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-, methyl ester (Metilox)3.83According to OECD (2001), SIAM 13, 6-9.11.2001 this chemical has no concern for health and for environment, currently of low priority for further work 7,9-Di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione3.79Found in essential oils from Cordia sebestena (Boraginaceae) (Adeosun et al 2013) Isopropyl 12-methyl-tridecanoate3.56– 2,3,5,6-Detetrahydrocyclohexanone, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxymethylene-3.43– Octylacetophenone3.09– Heptadecane, 4-methyl-2.91– Benzoic acid, 3-ethyloxy-, ethyl ester2.81– Phenol, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2.78Phenol derivative, found in essential oils of Azadirachta indica , Azadirachta siamensis and Azadirachta excelsa (Meliaceae) (Kurose and Yatagai 2005) 2,5-di-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzoquinone2.65Neurotoxic for humans (O'Donoghue 1985), antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus (Gopal et al 2013) Butoxyethoxyethyl acetate (2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate)2.36May cause an allergic skin reaction and respiratory irritation in vertebrates (European Chemicals Agency 2019) Decane, 2,3,5,8-tetramethyl-2.14– Dodecane, 2,6,10-trimethyl-2.12–…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Labellum structure of Bulbophyllum echinolabium J.J. Sm. (section Lepidorhiza Schltr., Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae Juss.)

et al. 2019

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This micromorphological, chemical and ultrastructural study is a continuation of research conducted on the section Lepidorhiza . The Bulbophyllum echinolabium flowers comprised features that characterize a sapromyophilous syndrome, having large, glistening parts that emit an intense scent of rotten meat. The secretory activity was described in the hypochile (nectary in longitudinal groove and in the prickles) and the epichile (putative osmophore). The ultrastructural studies revealed a dense cytoplasm in the epidermis and subepidermal tissue with large nuclei and numerous mitochondria, the profiles of SER and RER, and dictyosomes. Large amounts of heterogeneous residues of secreted material (possibly phenolic) were present on the cuticle surface, similar to the unusual prominent periplasmic space with flocculent secretory material. The chemical analysis (GC/MS) of the scent profile of lips comprised carbohydrates and their derivatives (29.55% of all compounds), amino acids (1.66%), lipids (8.04%) and other organic compounds (60.73%). A great number of identified compounds are Diptera attractants (mainly Milichiidae, Tephritidae, Drosophilidae, Muscidae, Sarcophagidae, Tachinidae). The examination of visual and olfactory features indicates correlation between colour of flowers and the type of olfactory mimicry, where a dark colour labellum emits strong smell of rotten waste.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Labellum structure of Bulbophyllum echinolabium J.J. Sm. (section Lepidorhiza Schltr., Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae Juss.)

et al. 2019

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“…[48], the activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased, while ROS and MDA concentration increased in rats fed with 8% salt diet for 3 weeks. Batteries of experimental reports have documented that high sodium chloride can elicit derangement in lipid metabolism [49][50][51]. In this study, cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein which are predictors of cardiovascular disorders [52] were elevated, while HDL level was reduced in the serum of salt-loaded rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

The role of poly-herbal extract in sodium chloride-induced oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia in male Wistar rats

Fadahunsi

Adegbola

Akintola

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Consistent consumption of high salt diet (HSD) has been associated with increased cellular generation of free radicals which has been implicated in the derangement of some vital organs and etiology of cardiovascular disorders. This study was designed to investigate the combined effect of some commonly employed medicinal plants on serum lipid profile and antioxidant status of aorta, kidney, and liver of high salt diet-fed animals. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 7 animals each. Group 1 and 2 animals were fed normal rat and 16 % high salt diet only respectively. Animals in groups 3, 4, and 5 were fed 16% high salt diet with 800, 400, and 200 mg/kg bw poly-herbal extract (PHE) respectively once for 28 consecutive days. Serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione concentration, and activities were assessed in the aorta, kidney, and liver. PHE (p < 0.05) significantly reduced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentration and increased antioxidant enzymes and glutathione activity. Elevated serum TG, TC, LDL, and TC content in HSD-fed animals were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced to normal in PHE-treated rats while HDL was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner in PHE treated animals. Feeding with PHE attenuated high salt diet imposed derangement in serum lipid profile and antioxidant status in the organs of the experimental rats.

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“…As established by Bayorh et al [57] and Saidu et al [58], the activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased, while ROS and MDA concentration increased in rats fed with 8% salt diet for 3 weeks. Batteries of experimental reports have documented that high sodium chloride can elicit derangement in lipid metabolism [59][60][61]. In this study, cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein which are predictors of cardiovascular disorders [62] were elevated, while HDL level was reduced in the serum of salt-loaded rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

The Role of Poly-Herbal Extract in Sodium Chloride-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hyperlipidemia in Male Wistar Rats

et al. 2021

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Consistent consumption of high salt diet (HSD) has been associated with increased cellular generation of free radicals, which has been implicated in the derangement of some vital organs and etiology of cardiovascular disorders. This study was designed to investigate the combined effect of some commonly employed medicinal plants on serum lipid profile and antioxidant status of aorta, kidney, and liver of high salt diet-fed animals. Out of the total fifty male Wistar rats obtained, fifteen were used for acute toxicity study, while the remaining thirty-five were divided into 5 groups of 7 animals each. Group 1 and 2 animals were fed normal rat chow (NRC) and 16% high salt diet (HSD) only, respectively. Animals in groups 3, 4 and 5 were fed 16% HSD with 800, 400, and 200 mg/kg bw poly-herbal extract (PHE), respectively, once for 28 consecutive days. Serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione concentration, and activities were assessed in the aorta, kidney, and liver. Poly-herbal extract (p < 0.05) significantly reduced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentrations and also increased antioxidant enzymes and glutathione activity. Elevated serum TG, TC, LDL, and TC content in HSD-fed animals were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced to normal in PHE-treated rats while HDL was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner in PHE treated animals. Feeding with PHE attenuated high-salt diet imposed derangement in serum lipid profile and antioxidant status in the organs of the experimental rats.

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Evaluation of the efficacy of Acalypha wilkesiana leaves in managing cardiovascular disease risk factors in rabbits exposed to salt-loaded diets

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Labellum structure of Bulbophyllum echinolabium J.J. Sm. (section Lepidorhiza Schltr., Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae Juss.)

Labellum structure of Bulbophyllum echinolabium J.J. Sm. (section Lepidorhiza Schltr., Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae Juss.)

The role of poly-herbal extract in sodium chloride-induced oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia in male Wistar rats

The Role of Poly-Herbal Extract in Sodium Chloride-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hyperlipidemia in Male Wistar Rats

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