Evaluation of the effects of environmental factors on molluscicidal properties of Aridan (Tetrapleura tetraptera), Lapalapa pupa (Jatropha gossypyfolia), Endod (Phytolacca dodecandra) and Bayluscide

Abstract

Effects of environmental factors on the molluscicidal activities of Aridan ( Tetrapleura tetraptera), Endod (Phytolacca dodecandra), Lapalapa pupa (Jatvopha gossypyfolia) and Bayluscide have been determined in the laboratory and in the field. Organic materials such as river mud and weeds reduced the molluscicidal potency of all the molluscicides. Bayluscide has a good residual effect, a property which is not shown by any of the vegetable molluscicides assayed. Although the methanolic extract of the fruit of Jatropha pssypyjblia has shown some promise, its traditional use cannot be recommended from the results of these experiments.

Analgesic and anticonvulsant properties ofTetrapleura tetraptera (Taub) (Fabaceae) fruit aqueous extract in mice

“…Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit has been reported to contain many chemical compounds, including: triterpenoid glycoside (aridanin), coumarins, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds (Adewunmi and Marquis, 1981;1987;Adewunmi, 1984;Adewunmi and Sofowora, 1980;Adesina and Reisch, 1985). However, it is not possible to state with certainty at the moment, the phytochemical profile of the aqueous extract used in this study.…”

“…tannins, flavonoids and coumarins -especially scopoletin), triterpenoid glycosides and a host of other secondary plant metabolites possess analgesic, antiinflammatory and hypoglycaemic effects in various experimental animal models (Gupta et al, 1969;Singh et al, 1992;Liu, 1995;Dongmo et al, 2003;Taesotiku et al, 2003;Ojewole, 2002;Ojewole and Adewunmi, 2004;Adzu et al, 2003;Marles and Farnsworth, 1995). Since the fruit of Tetrapleura tetraptera contains triterpenoid glycoside (aridanin), coumarin (scopoletin), flavonoids and volatile oil with anticonvulsant properties (Adewunmi and Marquis, 1981;1987;Adewunmi, 1984;Adewunmi and Sofowora, 1980;Adesina and Reisch, 1985;Nwaiwu and Akah, 1986;Akah et al, 1997), it is not unreasonable to speculate that these chemical compounds might have contributed largely to the observed analgesic and anticonvulsant effects of the plant's fruit aqueous extract (TTE). The experimental evidence obtained in the present laboratory animal study indicates that the aqueous extract of T. tetraptera (TTE) fruit significantly delayed the onset of seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and also significantly antagonized picrotoxin (PCT)-induced seizures.…”

“…The fruit possesses a fragrant, characteristically pungent aromatic odour, which has been attributed to its insect repellent property. In Nigeria and some other West African countries, the nutritional, molluscicidal and other ethnomedical properties of extractives from the plant's fruit have been reported (Adewunmi and Marquis, 1981;1987;Adewunmi, 1984;Adewunmi and Sofowora, 1980;Adesina and Reisch, 1985;Ojewole and Adewunmi, 2004).…”