“…Notable advancements include DEA models for measuring the economic efficiency of ports (Itoh, 2002; Cullinane and Wang, 2007; Al-Eraqi et al ., 2010; Bray et al ., 2014; Morales-Fusco et al ., 2016; Zarbi et al ., 2019; da Costa et al ., 2021). Environmental DEA models have been considered port environmental factors (Chin and Low, 2010; Chang, 2013; Na et al ., 2017; Castellano et al ., 2020; Quintano et al ., 2021). Moreover, integrated objective efficiency DEA models have been introduced to assess both port and maritime transportation objectives (Sharma and Yu, 2009; Lozano et al ., 2011; Yuen et al ., 2013; Figueiredo De Oliveira and Cariou, 2015; Schøyen et al ., 2018; Nguyen et al ., 2020; Kong and Liu, 2021).…”