Evaluation of the antimutagenic, antigenotoxic, and antioxidant activities ofEriobotrya japonicaleaves

Abstract

Context: The leaves of Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Rosaceae) are used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases. However, information about the antigenotoxic and antioxidant properties of its leaves remains to be elucidated. Objective: The objective of this work was to evaluate the mutagenic/antimutagenic, genotoxic/ antigenotoxic, and antioxidant potentials of aqueous and total oligomers flavonoid (TOF) extracts from E. japonica. Materials and methods: The mutagenic/antimutagenic and genotoxic/antigenotoxic potentials of extracts (50, 250, and 500 mg/plate) were evaluated, respectively, by the Ames test with 48 h incubation and the SOS chromotest test with 2 h incubation. The antioxidant capacity of these extracts (ranging from 50 to 700 mg/mL) was tested using xanthine/xanthine oxidase and the deoxyribose assays. Results: Eriobotrya japonica extracts showed neither mutagenic nor genotoxic effect. The highest protective effect against methyl methanesulfonate and 2-aminoanthracene was obtained in the presence of aqueous extract, with IC 50 values of 80 and 140 mg/plate, respectively, against S. typhimurium TA104. Moreover, this extract (500 mg/plate) was also able to reduce significantly the genotoxicity induced by nitrofurantoin and aflatoxin B1 with IC 50 values of 140 and 240 mg/assay, respectively. Likewise, aqueous and TOF extracts inhibited xanthine oxidase and superoxide anion formation with IC 50 values ranging from 45 to 95 and from 70 to 90 mg/mL, respectively. However, TOF extract is more efficient in inhibiting hydroxyl radical and chelating iron ion with IC 50 values of 140 and 400 mg/mL, respectively, when compared with the aqueous extract. Conclusion: Eriobotrya japonica prevents the genotoxicity of some carcinogenic substances probably thanks to its antioxidant capacities.

Bioactive activities and chemical profile characterization using paper spray mass spectrometry of extracts of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. leaves

“…Flavonoids, phenolic acids, procyanidins, triterpenes, sesquiterpenos, and megastigmane glycosides have been identified in higher concentrations in the leaves 5,6 than in the fruits and seeds, generally 5,7 . High‐performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet and/or mass spectrometry (HPLC–UV and HPLC–MS) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) have been used for the analysis of these compounds.…”

Integrated Genotoxicity Testing of three anti-infective drugs using the TGx-DDI transcriptomic biomarker and high-throughput CometChip® assay in TK6 cells

“…This inhibits vital biochemical processes in bacterial cells such as DNA, RNA, protein, and cell wall synthesis, and aerobic energy metabolism (Race et al, 2005;Roldán et al, 2008). NIT is mutagenic in the Ames assay due to activation by bacterial nitroreductases (not relevant in mammalian cells), which calls into question the human relevance of these mutagenicity results (Olive and McCalla, 1977;Ni et al, 1987;Mokdad-Bzeouich et al, 2015). NIT has also shown mutagenicity in mammalian cells, including CHO cells and human lymphocytes (Gao et al, 1989;Slapsyte et al, 2002) and in the kidney of Big Blue transgenic mice (Quillardet et al, 2006).…”

“…Common brand names include Furadantin, Macrobid and Macrodantin (Prescribers' Digital Reference Network, 2021). NIT has been shown to be mutagenic in the Ames assay due to activation by bacterial nitroreductases, which is not relevant for mammalian cells (Olive and McCalla, 1977;Ni et al, 1987;Mokdad-Bzeouich et al, 2015). NIT has also been shown to be weakly mutagenic in mammalian cells (Gao et al, 1989;Slapsyte et al, 2002), and in the kidneys of Big Blue transgenic mice (Quillardet et al, 2006).…”

Rhamnus alaternus Plant: Extraction of Bioactive Fractions and Evaluation of Their Pharmacological and Phytochemical Properties

“…The genotoxicity was measured by the Son of Sevenless (SOS) chromotest microplate assay using the E. coli strain [134][135][136]. This quantitative bacterial colorimetric assay enables to determine the antigenotoxicity effect of the plant extracts against the toxic effect induced by the aflatoxin B1 [134,137,138].…”