“…Therefore, the fractions may possess a similar mode of action as metformin. The results observed in this study are in accordance with the report of Omale et al., 13 who reported the glucose-lowering effect of Parinari curatellifolia stem bark in HDS-induced flies. Figure 6 (a) NO level (b) Lipid peroxidation level (c) Total thiol level and (d) glucose concentration of diabetic and normal D. melanogaster treated with ESM and BSM.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 93%
“…Induction of type 2 diabetes in fruit flies was carried out by a protocol reported by Omale et al. 13 with slight modifications. Briefly, 2.5 g sucrose/10 g diet was added to the normal diet of the fly with other diet components remaining constant (1% agar, 3.4% yeast, 8.3% cornmeal, and 1% nipagin) to induce diabetes in the Harwich strain of D. melanogaster .…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… 11 The hypoglycemic effect of S. mombin stem bark has been reported in healthy rats. 12 After establishing high-sucrose diet (HSD)-induced diabetes in Drosophila as in previous studies, 5 , 13 this study investigated the antidiabetic potential of ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of S. mombin stem bark in this HSD-induced Drosophila model.…”
“…Therefore, the fractions may possess a similar mode of action as metformin. The results observed in this study are in accordance with the report of Omale et al., 13 who reported the glucose-lowering effect of Parinari curatellifolia stem bark in HDS-induced flies. Figure 6 (a) NO level (b) Lipid peroxidation level (c) Total thiol level and (d) glucose concentration of diabetic and normal D. melanogaster treated with ESM and BSM.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 93%
“…Induction of type 2 diabetes in fruit flies was carried out by a protocol reported by Omale et al. 13 with slight modifications. Briefly, 2.5 g sucrose/10 g diet was added to the normal diet of the fly with other diet components remaining constant (1% agar, 3.4% yeast, 8.3% cornmeal, and 1% nipagin) to induce diabetes in the Harwich strain of D. melanogaster .…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… 11 The hypoglycemic effect of S. mombin stem bark has been reported in healthy rats. 12 After establishing high-sucrose diet (HSD)-induced diabetes in Drosophila as in previous studies, 5 , 13 this study investigated the antidiabetic potential of ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of S. mombin stem bark in this HSD-induced Drosophila model.…”
“…The ethanolic extract significantly reduced blood glucose, total thiol and nitric oxide levels of diabetic-induced Drosophila melanogaster flies. The extracts also increased glutathione-S-transferase and catalase activities of the diabetic treated flies (Omale et al, 2020).…”
Section: Chrysobalanaceaementioning
confidence: 83%
“…ex Benth. was evaluated in Drosophila melanogaster fed with high sucrose diet to induce insulin resistance diabetes mellitus ( Omale et al, 2020 ). The high sucrose diet resulted in decreased body size, decreased locomotor activities and delayed emergence of the larva (L3) in flies, all of which are known symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus in flies.…”
Section: Medicinal Plants In Zimbabwe With Antidiabetic Propertiesmentioning
Use of medicinal plants and herbs in the treatment and management of diseases, including diabetes mellitus and its complications remains an integral part of African tradition. In Zimbabwe, nearly one million people are living with diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Zimbabwe is increasing every year due to lifestyle changes, and has accelerated the use of traditional medicines for its treatment and management in urban areas. In addition, the high cost of modern medicine has led many people in rural parts of Zimbabwe to rely on herbal plant medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications. This review highlights a number of studies carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic properties of indigenous plants found in Zimbabwe with the goal of treating diabetes mellitus. Further, we discuss the mechanism of action of various plant extracts in the treatment and management of diabetes mellitus. Together, this review article can open pathways leading to discovery of new plant derived medicines and regularization of use of crude plant remedies to treat diabetes mellitus by the Zimbabwean government and others across Africa.
Parinari curatellifolia is the main species used to produce charcoal in Angola. Its chemical, anatomical, and thermal properties were analyzed. The bark is dark grey, rough, and corky, and the wood is brown to yellow-red. Compared to wood, bark fibers presented lower length, lumen, and wall thickness. There is not much difference between height and cell numbers of rays. Sieve tube elements appear solitary or in small groups (2–3 cells), and vessels were of two diameter classes but diffuse-porous. Bark basic density was lower than wood (505 kg.m− 3vs. 580 kg.m− 3). The mean chemical composition from bark vs. wood of P. curatellifolia was ash (3.2% vs. 1.6%), total extractives (12.2% vs. 10.0%), total lignin (42.4% vs. 28.4%), and suberin 5.4%. Families identified by GC-MS from DCM extracts were predominated by fatty acids in wood and triterpenoid contents in bark. Bark and wood had higher antioxidant activity in FRAP and DPPH methods. The bark had a monomeric lignin composition richer in guaiacyl-units (25.9% vs. 22.5%) and lower syringyl-units (5.7% vs. 8.5%). Potassium was the most abundant mineral, while the least was cadmium found in wood and bark. Regarding thermal properties, bark presented higher moisture content (9.0% vs. 8.0%), ash (3.33% vs. 1.61%), total volatiles (27.5% vs. 20.7%), lower fixed carbon (69.1% vs. 77.7%) and higher heating value (20.9 MJ/kg vs. 19.1 MJ/kg). According to these characteristics, both biomasses are interesting for developing more value-added products (e.g., charcoal, bio-chemicals with phytochemistry and pharmacology activities) besides burning under the context of biorefineries.
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