Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Methanol and Chloroform Extracts of Alchornea Cordifolia Leaves

Okoye, Ebele Linda; O, Uba Bright; Uhobo, P. C.; Oli, Angus Nnamdi; Ikegbunam, Moses Nkechukwu

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3448994

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Those studies reported that the highest phytocomponents extracted from rice bran and Moringa oleifera leaves were obtained with a methanol extract. The methanolic extract of Alchornea cordifolia was found to have more potent antibacterial activity than other extracts tested against Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa (Okoye, Uba, Uhobo, Oli, & Ikegbunam, 2014). Sati and Joshi (2011) reported that the methanol extract of Ginkgo biloba had the highest antibacterial activity against microbial strains in comparison to other extracts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Anticancer, Antibacterial, and Phytochemicals Derived From Extract of Aerva javanica (Burm.f.) Juss. ex Schult. Grown Naturally in Saudi Arabia

Alshehri

Moustafa

2019

Tropical Conservation Science

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Aerva javanica (Burm.f.) Juss. ex Schult. (Amaranthaceae family) has many pharmaceutical properties. This study aimed to determine the anticancerous effect of A. javanica methanol extract (AJME) on breast cancer cell lines and prostate cancer cell lines. The antibacterial potency of A. javanica solvent extracts was tested against Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Shigella flexneri. A screening of five concentrations of A. javanica was done on prostate and breast cancer cell lines using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. The results showed that AJME had various levels of cytotoxicity toward both cancer cell lines. A significant decrease in the rate of cancer cells was associated with a higher concentration of the plant extract. The half maximal inhibitory concentration IC50 value was 4.50 lg/ml for the breast cancer cells and 14.51 lg/ml for the prostate cancer cells. The dried and fresh solvent extracts made with methanol and chloroform demonstrated maximum potency against all the tested pathogenic microbes. The petroleum ether and acetone extracts showed moderate activity, while the diethyl ether and hot water extracts had the lowest antibacterial activity. The gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis showed that AJME had various chemical compounds that have many biological benefits. In conclusion, A. javanica is a promising candidate as a natural herb to treat cancers, more so in breast cancer than in prostate cancer, and it has potential as an antimicrobial agent against multidrug-resistant microbes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Anticancer, Antibacterial, and Phytochemicals Derived From Extract of Aerva javanica (Burm.f.) Juss. ex Schult. Grown Naturally in Saudi Arabia

Alshehri

Moustafa

2019

Tropical Conservation Science

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“…This was evaluated following previously reported method 20 - 22 with some modifications. Broth cultures of test bacterial isolates adjusted to 0.5 McFarland Standard were streaked on the surface of Mueller Hinton agar plates with the aid of sterile cotton swabs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosurfactant Production Using Mutant Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis from Agro-industrial Wastes

et al. 2020

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Purpose: Biosurfactants are applied in drug formulations to improve drug solubility and in some cases, treat diseases. This study is focused on generating, extracting, purifying and then characterizing biosurfactants from bacterial isolates of palm oil wastes and abattoir soil origins. Methods: Eight (8) bacteria were isolated from the soil and sludge samples, out of which four (50 %) were found to produce biosurfactants. Bacillus subtilis (37.5 %) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (50%) were isolated and identified from these samples using mineral salt medium, nutrient agar and Cetrimide agar. Mutant isolates of Bacillus subtilis BS3 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS2 were used to produce biosurfactants using mineral salt medium as enrichment medium and extraction was done using membrane filter. Results: The mutant strains Bacillus subtilis BS3 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS2generated biosurfactants that displayed significant solubility and dissolution properties by enhancing the percentage solubility of piroxicam to 62.86 and 54.29 % respectively, and achieved 51.71 and 48.71 % dissolution of the drug in 0.1N HCl. Conclusion: From the results obtained, the produced biosurfactants could serve as a better alternative to conventional surfactants. Notably, the study indicated that the biosurfactant produced by mutant strain of Bacillus subtilis produced more potent activities (surface tension reduction ability, high emulsification) than those of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Keywords: Biosurfactant production; Bacillus subtilis; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Microbial Biotechnology; Palm oil wastes; Abattoir soil

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“…Factors such as side effects, emergence of resistant strains, costs and availability have hindered wide utilization of some conventional antimicrobial drugs [6,7]. More so, bio-prospecting of medicinal plants as a reliable alternative for new drug candidates over the years has proven to be a reliable source of surplus biologically active molecules [8,9]. To this end, the need for natural product exploration to expand the antifungal armaments for the control of pathogenic fungi that are presently gaining momentum in developing resistance and invasive becomes imperative [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary study on the synergistic interaction of Garcinia kola and Vernonia amygdalina against Candida albicans

Chinwuko¹,

Okezie²,

Nwakile³

et al. 2021

GSC Biol. and Pharm. Sci.

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Introduction: Due to the emergence and spread of infections caused by Candida albicans especially among immunocompromised patients and increase in resistance by this group of fungi to commonly used antifungal agents, this study was undertaken to investigate the possible synergy between Garcinia kola seed and Vernonia amygdalina leaves extracts against organism. Methods: Ethanol extraction of Vernonia amygdalina leaves and Garcinia kola seeds were carried out and extract evaluated for anti-candida activities. The combined anti-candida activities of the extracts were also assessed using Checkerboard assay. Results: Extract of G. kola seed showed minimal anti-candida activity against the C. albicans with an inhibition zone of 5 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration of 50 mg/mL. The combined effect of both extract was demonstrated to be synergistic at most combination ratios tested. Furthermore, the combined effect was observed to have outweighed their individual effect, inhibiting the test isolates at concentration far less than the MICs of each of the extracts. The fractional inhibitory concentration index of the combined extracts at their various combination ratios against C. albicans ranged between 0.14 – 0.45 mg/ml indicating a synergistic effect by the various combinations against the organism. Conclusion: The combined activities by the two extracts showed marked improvement in anti-candida activities compared with their individual activities. The results support harnessing the individual bioactive constituents of the extracts and combining them for the development of potential antifungal agents.

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Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Methanol and Chloroform Extracts of Alchornea Cordifolia Leaves

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Anticancer, Antibacterial, and Phytochemicals Derived From Extract of Aerva javanica (Burm.f.) Juss. ex Schult. Grown Naturally in Saudi Arabia

Anticancer, Antibacterial, and Phytochemicals Derived From Extract of Aerva javanica (Burm.f.) Juss. ex Schult. Grown Naturally in Saudi Arabia

Biosurfactant Production Using Mutant Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis from Agro-industrial Wastes

Preliminary study on the synergistic interaction of Garcinia kola and Vernonia amygdalina against Candida albicans

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