Evaluation of stimulated Raman scattering of tunable dye laser radiation as a primary excitation source for exciting atomic fluorescence in an inductively coupled plasma

Leong, Man Chong; D’Silva, Arthur P.; Fassel, Velmer A.

doi:10.1021/ac00126a003

Cited by 27 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…There are four reports of analytical measurements of Se and As atoms by LIF techniques. Leong et al generated up to 100 μJ of laser energy at 196 and 193 nm, respectively, by stimulated Raman shifting (SRS) using the fourth-order anti-Stokes-shifted output from a frequency-doubled dye laser operating near 280 nm, with atomization in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) . Heitmann et al produced up to 100 μJ at 196 and 193 nm by sum frequency generation (SFG) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Se, As, and Sb in an Electrothermal Atomizer

Ezer

et al. 1998

Anal. Chem.

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Trace detection of Se, As, and Sb atoms has been performed by electrothermal atomization laser-induced fluorescence (ETA-LIF) approaches. Production of far-UV radiation necessary for excitation of As atoms at 193.696 nm and Se atoms at 196.026 nm was accomplished by stimulated Raman shifting (SRS) of the output of a frequency-doubled dye laser operating near 230 nm. Both wavelengths were obtained as second-order anti-Stokes shifts of the dye laser radiation and provided up to 10 μJ/pulse, which was shown through power dependence studies to be sufficient for saturation in the ETA. An excited-state direct line fluorescence approach using excitation at 206.279 nm was also investigated for the LIF detection of Se. High-sensitivity LIF of Sb atoms was accomplished using 206.833-nm excitation and detection at 259.805 nm. The accuracy of the ETA-LIF approaches was demonstrated by determining the As and Se content of aqueous reference samples. The limits of detection (absolute mass) were 200 fg by ground-state LIF and 150 fg by excited-state direct line fluorescence for Se, 200 fg for As, and 10 fg for Sb; these LODs compare favorably with results reported previously in the literature for ETA-LIF, GFAAS, and ICP-MS methods.

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Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Se, As, and Sb in an Electrothermal Atomizer

Ezer

et al. 1998

Anal. Chem.

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“…Laser excitation of atomic As and Se is complicated by the fact that their prim ar y absorption wavelengths occur below 200 nm, which is a dif® cult region to access with conventional laser systems. However, with the wide availability of beta-barium-borate (BBO) and the use of nonlinear techniques, such as stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), 14 it is now straightforward to generate laser radiation in the far ultraviolet (UV).…”

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Hydride Generation Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Arsenic and Selenium in the Inductively Coupled Plasma and Electrothermal Atomizer

et al. 2000

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The application of hydride generation (HG) sample introduction combined with laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection in the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and electrothermal atomizer (ETA) is reported. Far-ultraviolet excitation of As at 193.696 nm and Se at 196.026 nm is accomplished by using a tunable dye laser system with frequency doubling and stimulated Raman scattering. HG-ICP-LIF and HG-ETA-LIF techniques have been developed and demonstrate good sensitivity and good linearity at the ng/mL to sub-ng/mL level for both elements. The relative standard deviation of replicate measurements is on the order of 3–10% at the 5 ng/mL level for the HG-ICP-LIF technique and 5–35% at the 0.6 ng/mL level for the HG-ETA-LIF technique. Detection limits of 1 ng/mL (5 ng absolute mass) for As and 0.06 ng/mL (0.3 ng) for Se are reported for the HG-ICP-LIF technique and 0.04 ng/mL (0.2 ng) for As and 0.16 ng/mL (0.8 ng) for Se are reported for the HG-ETA-LIF technique. Lower than expected sensitivity and precision are observed in the ETA, which may be due to inefficient trapping of the hydrides in the procedure. Selective HG procedures have been demonstrated for the speciation and recovery of selected oxidation states of As and Se. The analytical capabilities of the HG-LIF techniques are compared to those of other HG techniques, and recommendations are made for improved performance of future HG-LIF approaches.

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Atomic Fluorescence in Environmental Analysis

Cai

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Atomic fluorescence is a spectroscopic process which is based upon the absorption of radiation of a certain wavelength by an atomic vapor and subsequent radiational deactivation of the excited atoms toward the detection device. Both the absorption and the subsequent atomic emission processes occur at wavelengths which are characteristic of the atomic species present. Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is a very sensitive and selective method for the determination of a number of environmentally and biomedically important elements such as mercury, arsenic, selenium, bismuth, antimony, tellurium, lead, and cadmium. This technique has become one of the most important analytical tools for trace element analysis in environmental samples, such as mercury, owing to its advantages over other methods in terms of linearity and detection levels. Several books and a number of book chapters and review articles have been published dealing with the theory and instrumentation of AFS. This article will provide up‐to‐date AFS information regarding its application in environmental analysis.

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Evaluation of stimulated Raman scattering of tunable dye laser radiation as a primary excitation source for exciting atomic fluorescence in an inductively coupled plasma

Cited by 27 publications

References 18 publications

Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Se, As, and Sb in an Electrothermal Atomizer

Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Se, As, and Sb in an Electrothermal Atomizer

Hydride Generation Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Arsenic and Selenium in the Inductively Coupled Plasma and Electrothermal Atomizer

Atomic Fluorescence in Environmental Analysis

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