Evaluation of species inter-relations and soil conditions in Arnica montana L. habitats: a step towards active protection of endangered and high-valued medicinal plant species in NE Poland

Sugier, Piotr; Kołos, Aleksander; Wołkowycki, Dan; Sugier, Danuta; Plak, Andrzej; Sozinov, Oleg V.

doi:10.5586/asbp.3592

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, in pine forest populations, arnica individuals are shadowed by this dwarf shrub, which can play the role of a serious competitor [17,39]. The low frequency and cover of V. myrtillus suggest that arnica prefers sites without -or with very low cover of -this dwarf shrub [39]. A similar situation is observed in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The localization of the studied arnica stands near pathways and forest separating lines is typical for pine forest populations in this region of Europe [17,18,27,39]. Arnica rosette groups are characteristic for both nonforest [4,32] and forest populations [17,39], and is the result of generative and vegetative propagation [4]. AKF populations are similar in respect to structure; they are characterized by a similar number of rosettes per unit area and a similar number of rosette aggregations per unit area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A big threat to arnica populations in Europe is grass, which negatively influences the vitality of this species and is regarded as a serious competitor [5,24,25,39,40]. Many grasses limit the development and establishment of seedlings and young arnica plants [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mountain areas, excessive grazing can facilitate the invasion of arnica sites by Vaccinium myrtillus [32]. Moreover, in pine forest populations, arnica individuals are shadowed by this dwarf shrub, which can play the role of a serious competitor [17,39]. The low frequency and cover of V. myrtillus suggest that arnica prefers sites without -or with very low cover of -this dwarf shrub [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) is evidently low and does not exceed the natural concentration level [51,52]. In the literature, researchers underline the role of the TEB in such soils as a very important factor for the existence of A. montana populations [22,39]. The results presented in this paper do not confirm this finding, because the soils of the small and large populations are characterized by very low values of this parameter, and the dependencies between the TEB and the characteristics of the population are invisible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of plant communities, population features, and edaphic conditions of Arnica montana L. populations in pine forests of mid-Eastern Europe

Sugier¹,

Sugier²,

Sozinov³

et al. 2019

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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Mountain arnica, <em>Arnica montana</em> L., an herbaceous plant species critically endangered in Europe, is the source of raw material, which is abundant in its secondary metabolites. During the field investigation conducted in Augustów and Knyszyn forests (Poland) and in Grodno Forest (Belarus), the plant species composition and population characteristics were measured. Additionally, to evaluate the edaphic conditions of arnica populations, soil samples were taken and analyzed. The sandy and very nutrient-poor soils are characterized by strong acidity and a very low concentration of macro- and microelements. The analyzed characteristics of the studied populations indicate a good status of populations located in Grodno Forest. However, the very small number of individuals and the very small proportion of flowering individuals in the populations in Augustów Forest and Knyszyn Forest indicate the need for active protective actions. <em>Calamagrostis arundinacea</em> can play the role of a competitor; therefore, during planning active protection, individuals of this species should be eliminated, and particular attention should be paid to the frequency and coverage of this plant species and the plant height of the herb layer. The dependence between population characteristics, especially the proportion of flowering stems and the concentration of available phosphorus, may indicate the effect of the concentration of this macroelement on flowering and, in consequence, provide a greater chance for the generative propagation of this plant species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of plant communities, population features, and edaphic conditions of Arnica montana L. populations in pine forests of mid-Eastern Europe

Sugier¹,

Sugier²,

Sozinov³

et al. 2019

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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Yield and Chemical Composition of Raw Material from Meadow Arnica (Arnica chamissonis Less.) Depending on Soil Conditions and Nitrogen Fertilization

2021

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Considering the global tendency towards using valuable secondary metabolites of plant origin, there is a need to optimize the cultivation of herbal plants, e.g., the meadow arnica (A. chamissonis Less.). The inflorescences of this species (Arnicae anthodium) have a similar chemical composition and pharmacological activity to that in the mountain arnica (Arnica montana L.), and can be cultivated more easily than the mountain arnica. Therefore this study assesses soil and fertilization effects on the flower head yield and concentrations of active substances (sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and essential oil) with great importance for application in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. A field experiment was carried out during 2017–2019 on two types of soil (sandy and loamy soils) differing in the pH values, organic matter content, and the P, K, and Mg levels. Five levels of nitrogen fertilization were applied in both soil variants: 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N∙ha−1. The study showed that both the soil type and the nitrogen fertilization had a positive impact on the raw material yield and the content and yield of the main active substances. The cultivation of arnica in the loamy soil was more favorable—it provided a higher flower head yield, higher levels of sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and essential oils, and consequently, a higher yield of these metabolites. High flower head yields were achieved at doses of 60 and 90 kg N∙ha−1. The content of sesquiterpene lactones and essential oils increased in the consecutive study years along with the increase in nitrogen doses. The highest content of flavonoids was detected in flower heads obtained from three-year-old plants fertilized with 60 kg N∙ha−1. High yields of sesquiterpene lactones and essential oils were obtained at doses of 90–120 kg N∙ha−1, whereas the fertilization with 60–90 N∙ha−1 ensured a high yield of flavonoids. The yields of sesquiterpene lactones and essential oil did not depend on their concentration but correlated with the increase in the yield of flower heads of plants cultivated in both sandy and loamy soil variants. In turn, the yield of flavonoids was influenced by both their concentration and the flower head yield. The flower head yield, the content of sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and essential oils, and the yields of metabolites presented in this study indicate favorable climatic conditions for the cultivation of A. chamissonis in Central and Eastern Poland. This proves that a wide range of pharmacologically active substances can be produced in this region of Europe.

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Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from Flower Heads of Arnica Chamissonis Less. under a Nitrogen Impact

et al. 2019

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Chamisso arnica (Arnica chamissonis Less.) is a valuable plant species used in the pharmaceutical industry due to the content of many pharmacologically active substances and the similarity of its chemical composition to that of Arnica montana—a medicinal plant commonly used in pharmacy and cosmetics. The similarity of the two plant species implies that chamisso arnica can be a pharmaceutical substitute for the mountain arnica, i.e., an endangered and endemic plant species in Europe. Chamisso arnica extracts exhibit anti-inflammatory and antiradical activity and possesses high antioxidant properties that might be helpful in preventing or delaying the progress of free radical dependent diseases. The attributes of A. chamissonis are mainly related to the content and chemical composition of essential oil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of essential oil derived from A. chamissonis flower heads under a nitrogen impact. The experiment was performed on experimental fields in mid-eastern Poland on two soil types (sandy and loamy soils). The nitrogen fertilizer was applied as ammonium sulfate (control, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha−1). Collection of flower heads was carried out in the full flowering phase, which was characterized by the highest content of essential oil. The chemical composition of essential oil was examined using GC-MS. Among the 75 ingredients of the volatile oil of chamisso arnica flower heads, alpha-pinene, cumene, p-cymene, germacrene D, spathulenol, decanal, caryophyllene oxide, beta-pinene, and benzene acetaldehyde were present at relatively high levels. Both the nitrogen application and the soil type had an effect on the oil concentration and the yield of the main constituents (alpha-pinene and germacrene D) with pharmacological value. Different levels of nitrogen application could be considered as a relevant way to modify the chemical composition and to increase the essential oil production.

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Evaluation of species inter-relations and soil conditions in Arnica montana L. habitats: a step towards active protection of endangered and high-valued medicinal plant species in NE Poland

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Characteristics of plant communities, population features, and edaphic conditions of Arnica montana L. populations in pine forests of mid-Eastern Europe

Characteristics of plant communities, population features, and edaphic conditions of Arnica montana L. populations in pine forests of mid-Eastern Europe

Yield and Chemical Composition of Raw Material from Meadow Arnica (Arnica chamissonis Less.) Depending on Soil Conditions and Nitrogen Fertilization

Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from Flower Heads of Arnica Chamissonis Less. under a Nitrogen Impact

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