Evaluation of somatosensory cortical processing in extremely preterm infants at term with MEG and EEG

Nevalainen, Päivi; Rahkonen, Petri; Pihko, Elina; Lano, Aulikki; Vanhatalo, Sampsa; Andersson, Sture; Autti, Taina; Valanne, Leena; Metsäranta, Marjo; Lauronen, Leena

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2014.05.036

Cited by 35 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These questions are of particular interest for human developmental neurobiology where preterm infants are precociously exposed to environmental sensory stimuli, which may influence cortical functions via TH-C connections (Anand and Hickey, 1987; Fitzgerald, 1991, 2005; Lee et al, 2005; Slater et al, 2006; Norman et al, 2008; Hartley and Slater, 2014; Nevalainen et al, 2014, 2015). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous functional studies regarding early TH-C relationships in preterm infants analyzed the somatosensory component of the TH-C system (Nevalainen et al, 2014, 2015), but anatomical data on this part of the developing TH-C connections are limited and preliminary (Kostovic et al, 1980). The precise timing and choreography of growing TH-C fibers to the prospective somatosensory cortex are not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth of Thalamocortical Fibers to the Somatosensory Cortex in the Human Fetal Brain

et al. 2017

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Thalamocortical (TH-C) fiber growth begins during the embryonic period and is completed by the third trimester of gestation in humans. Here we determined the timing and trajectories of somatosensory TH-C fibers in the developing human brain. We analyzed the periods of TH-C fiber outgrowth, path-finding, “waiting” in the subplate (SP), target selection, and ingrowth in the cortical plate (CP) using histological sections from post-mortem fetal brain [from 7 to 34 postconceptional weeks (PCW)] that were processed with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry and immunohistochemical methods. Images were compared with post mortem diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based fiber tractography (code No NO1-HD-4-3368). The results showed TH-C axon outgrowth occurs as early as 7.5 PCW in the ventrolateral part of the thalamic anlage. Between 8 and 9.5 PCW, TH-C axons form massive bundles that traverse the diencephalic-telencephalic boundary. From 9.5 to 11 PCW, thalamocortical axons pass the periventricular area at the pallial-subpallial boundary and enter intermediate zone in radiating fashion. Between 12 and 14 PCW, the TH-C axons, aligned along the fibers from the basal forebrain, continue to grow for a short distance within the deep intermediate zone and enter the deep CP, parallel with SP expansion. Between 14 and 18 PCW, the TH-C interdigitate with callosal fibers, running shortly in the sagittal stratum and spreading through the deep SP (“waiting” phase). From 19 to 22 PCW, TH-C axons accumulate in the superficial SP below the somatosensory cortical area; this occurs 2 weeks earlier than in the frontal and occipital cortices. Between 23 and 24 PCW, AChE-reactive TH-C axons penetrate the CP concomitantly with its initial lamination. Between 25 and 34 PCW, AChE reactivity of the CP exhibits an uneven pattern suggestive of vertical banding, showing a basic 6-layer pattern. In conclusion, human thalamocortical axons show prolonged growth (4 months), and somatosensory fibers precede the ingrowth of fibers destined for frontal and occipital areas. The major features of growing TH-C somatosensory fiber trajectories are fan-like radiation, short runs in the sagittal strata, and interdigitation with the callosal system. These results support our hypothesis that TH-C axons are early factors in SP and CP morphogenesis and synaptogenesis and may regulate cortical somatosensory system maturation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Thalamocortical Fibers to the Somatosensory Cortex in the Human Fetal Brain

et al. 2017

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“…Nevalainen et al (2015) also reported that M200-like responses could be recorded in preterm infants at term-equivalent age using EEG. SEPs to median nerve stimulation were recorded from a subset of preterm infants who had shown detectable M200 responses in their MEG recordings.…”

Section: Applications Of Research On Late Responsesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Building on these findings, Nevalainen and colleagues (2015) demonstrated that evaluating M200 responses at term-equivalent age may help to identify extremely preterm infants who have adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes that may be missed by a neonatal neurological examination. Of the extremely preterm infants in this study who had an unfavorable neurological outcome (complex minor neurological dysfunction or cerebral palsy) at 2 years of age, only 50% of them had been identified as abnormal on a neonatal neurological examination.…”

Section: Applications Of Research On Late Responsesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Beyond the N1: A review of late somatosensory evoked responses in human infants

Saby

Meltzoff

Marshall

2016

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) have been used for decades to study the development of somatosensory processing in human infants. Research on infant SEPs has focused on the initial cortical component (N1) and its clinical utility for predicting neurological outcome in at-risk infants. However, recent studies suggest that examining the later components in the infant somatosensory evoked response will greatly advance our understanding of somatosensory processing in infancy. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the existing electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies on late somatosensory evoked responses in infants. We describe the late responses that have been reported and discuss the utility of such responses for illuminating key aspects of somatosensory processing in typical and atypical development.

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“…In this issue of Clinical Neurophysiology, Nevalainen et al (2015) evaluate further somatosensory cortical processing in extreme preterm infants at term using MEG and conventional EEG. Their study has two parts: in the first part, the recorded SII response (by means of MEG) from ELBW infants at term age is correlated with neuromotor outcome at two years of corrected age.…”

Section: See Article Pages 275-283mentioning

confidence: 99%